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Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on.

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to.

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

ANALYSIS OF CORNEAL THICKNESS AND GLAUCOMA MEDICATION IN PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Journal ID : AMJ-22-09-2022-10569; Author : Masitha Dewi Sari, Rafika Rahman,
Abstract : Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma. Corneal thickness is a biomarker for glaucoma genotype, that was significantly thinner in patients receiving topical antiglaucoma, beta-blockers, prostaglandin analogues, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and alpha-2 agonists. This study was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design to analyze corneal thickness in patients with POAG who received glaucoma medication. The subjects were POAG patients that received glaucoma medication for more than 6 months. Corneal thickness measurements were performed using Anterior Segment-Ocular Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT). From 60 POAG subjects, the mean age was 54.60±10.021 years old and female subjects was accounted for 55%. From total of 75% subjects who received multi-therapy treatment, most type of treatments were beta blockers and prostaglandin analogues. The average duration of treatment was 21.97±13.062 months. This study found statistically significant and negative correlation in superior paracentral (p=0.037, r-0.231) and superonasal paracentral (p=0.029, r- 0.241) corneal thickness with the duration of treatment. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between the use of beta blockers and prostaglandin analogues. The relationship between corneal thickness and duration of treatment was found, which was thinning of corneal thickness in all areas but statistically, a significant relationship was only found in the superior paracentral, superonasal paracentral, and inferonasal paracentral areas. There was a significant correlation between the type, amount, and duration of treatment on central corneal thickness. Anterior segment OCT might be helpful to evaluate the effect of antiglaucomatous medications on corneal epithelial thickness.
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Correlation of oprD gene expression with mexA and mexB efflux pump gene Expressions under ciprofloxacin stress in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Journal ID : AMJ-21-09-2022-10567; Author : Wasan Abed Aljabar Dohan, Sawsan Mohammed Kareem,
Abstract : Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an ubiquitous bacteria, has ability to adapt to different environments and causing in humans specially in Immunocompromised persons and hospitals. So the study aimed to detect the correlation between gene expressions of oprD and each of mexA and mexB genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, fifty P. aeruginosa isolates were isolated from different clinical samples, detection of efflux pumps activity in P. aeruginosa phenotypically was done by Cather wheel method. Study genes expression of efflux pump genes under ciprofloxacin antibiotic stress and Et.Br. Results of oprD Ct values ranged from 20.56 to 24.98 with an average of 23.141. mexA Ct values were ranged from 32.1 to 36.79 with average 34.337 and results of mexB Ct values were ranged from 14.74 to 19.96 with average 16.791 compare to rpsL (Ct = 11.14) reference gene. The results showed that mean of Ct of gene expression was noticed when put them under stress of Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexA was 37.195 and 34.702, respectively, compare to control 34.337, on the other hand the gene expression between both treatments was over expressed in treatment of CIP 32 compare to CIP+Et.Br. The results of Cather wheel method expression was noticed when put them under stress Et.Br. + CIP and CIP in mexB gene expression was 19.626 and 18.872, respectively compare to control 16.791, In conclusion the both treatments compare to control not induce the expression of mexB genes, on the other hand the gene expression between both treatments was expressed in treatment of CIP 32 compare to CIP+Et.Br.
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Estimate of Leptin levels and Lipid Profile in children with giardiasis
Journal ID : AMJ-21-09-2022-10566; Author : SUNBL JALAL SHAKOR,
Abstract : The aim of this experiment is detect the leptin levels and cholesterol levels and other lipid profile parameters in children with giardiasis. The current experiment was done among children aged 7 years to 13 years in Kirkuk city. The feces and blood samples collected from Children's Hospital between May to end of October 2021. 80 children used in current, who diagnosed with acute watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. The outcomes of this experiment demonstrated significant (P<0.05) decreased in levels of leptin in infected children compared with healthy children. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) exhibited significant (P<0.05) decreased in infected children compared with healthy. While, the results of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in infected children demonstrated significant (P<0.05) reduce compared with healthy children. So, the infection with giardiasis leads to decrease leptin levels and cholesterol levels and other lipid profile parameters in children.
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Biochemical Study of Cholecystectomy in Pre and Postmenopausal Women in Mosul city
Journal ID : AMJ-20-09-2022-10563; Author : Quteiba A. Khudeer, Safaa A. Al-Ameen,
Abstract : This study aims to investigate the effect of cholecystectomy on some biochemical parameters of women in Mosul city using serum samples. The women were divided into four groups: the first group, women who had their Cholecystectomy in premenopausal stage while the second group, women who had their Cholecystectomy in the postmenopausal stage. Third and fourth groups were healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal women respectively. Each group included 30 women. By using different techniques, lipid profile levels, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, total bilirubin and C-reactive protein were analyzed. The results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in lipid levels of patients groups compared to control groups. Also, the activities of gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly(P<0.05) after cholecystectomy compared to control groups. As for the levels of total bilirubin, it was very similar (P>0.05) between patients and control groups. After cholecystectomy, the results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in C-reactive protein level compared to control groups. It was concluded from this study, that food and life styles as well as that overweighr may consider as risk factors lead to increment of liver enzymes activities and C-reactive protein level after cholecystectomy in patients women.
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The association between the results of the examination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and helicobacter pylory gastritis in children
Journal ID : AMJ-20-09-2022-10562; Author : Hajrin Pajra Asra, Supriatmo, Oke Rina Ramayani, Rina Amelia, Selfi Nafianti, Yazid Dimyati,
Abstract : Helicobacter pylori infection has various clinical manifestations including peptic ulcer. However, over 80% of H. pylori colonization in the stomach is asymptomatic. The increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate is one of the markers of infection and can be an indicator of H.pylori infection in children. To investigate the association between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and H.pylori gastritis in children. This study is an analytic observational cross-sectional design in pediatric patients who experience recurrent abdominal pain in outpatient and inpatient gastroenterology units at the Universitas Sumatera Utara hospital and network hospitals from October 2020 – January 2021. Children with cognitive impairment, history of malignancy, autoimmune disease, pulmonary infection, and dehydration were excluded from the study. All subjects underwent endoscopy, campylobacter-like organism (CLO), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate for diagnosis. The relationship between H. pylori gastritis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was analyzed using the Chi-square test. A total of 52 children were included in this study; about 32 were positive and 20 were negative for H. pylori infection. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate examination showed that 78.1% of the population was positive and 45% of the population was negative for H. pylori with abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rates. Chi-square test showed that there was a significant (p=0.015) between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and H.pylori infection and children with H.pylori infection tended to have an increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate. There is a significant association between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and H. pylori gastritis infection in children.
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Estimate of Maca powder feeding on hematological parameters and hormones in broiler chicken
Journal ID : AMJ-20-09-2022-10561; Author : Sawsan Abdul Faraj Mohammed,
Abstract : The current study aimed to demonstrate the effect of maca powder feeding on hematological parameters and hormones balance in broiler chicken. 80 Ross chicks were utilized in present experiment and distributed into 4 groups (control, 5%, 10% and 15%). The experiment results demonstrated red blood cells (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and package cell volume (PCV) in treated groups (5%, 10% and 15%) exhibited significant (P<0.05) increased compared with control group. While, white blood cells (WBC) counts exhibited significant (P<0.05) decreased compared with control group. Otherwise, Total protein in treated groups exhibited significant (P<0.05) increased compared with control group. While, albumin levels in treated groups exhibited non-significant (P<0.05) changes compared with control group. About the hormone levels, Testosterone levels in treated groups exhibited significant (P<0.05) increased compared with control group. While, insulin levels in treated groups exhibited non-significant changes compared with control group. Therefore, it is concluded from the study that adding maca powder to the diet helps to improve the growth of broiler chickens.
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THE SYNERGIC ROLES OF TUHA PEUT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF QANUN GAMPONG CONCERNING CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY MANAGEMENT FOR PREGNANT WOMEN AS AN EFFORT TO ACHIEVE SDGs: A RESEARCH PROTOCOL
Journal ID : AMJ-20-09-2022-10560; Author : Teungku Nih Farisni, Fitriani, Rahayu Indriasari, Andi Imam Arundhana, Yarmaliza, Veni Nella Syahputri,
Abstract : The health of pregnant women is an important problem to be considered because it impacts the health status of all the people of an area. The importance of this issue is reflected in the United Nations' efforts to address pregnant women’s health: the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Develop an effort model for pregnant women's health through Qanun on the prevention and control of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women at the village level to reduce cases of CED and become a reference for other regions. This study uses mathematical modelling to support regional policies with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The application of this mathematical model assesses the success of the Qanun implementation in the prevention and control of CED in pregnant women. The subjects measured were Tuha Peut and pregnant women. Interventions were given to research subjects at the empowerment stage in the form of (1) implementing the Qanun and the Tuha Peut empowerment model, (2) analysing the perception of Tuha Peut, which includes behavioural domains, (3) strengthening the capacity of Tuha Peut to become the agent of change, (4) measuring Tuha Peut's behavioural practices, (5) measuring the acceptability of maternity care services, (6) strengthening coordination with the Health Service Center or Puskesmas, (7) increasing the Tuha Peut’s Capacity in the Qanun implementation, and (8) monitoring the Qanun implementation. The success of Qanun implementation was measured by (1) analysing program operations (indicators of input, process, output, or outcome), (2) measuring Tuha Peut's efforts in shaping positive behaviour of pregnant women regarding local food consumption, (3) measuring changes in eating behaviour in pregnant women, (4) providing supplementary food for pregnant mothers suffering from CED, (5) decreasing the prevalence of CED events, (6) implementing continuous Qanun and other village policies, and (7) evaluating the Qanun implementation. The contribution of Tuha Peut empowerment modelling in maternal health policies, which can be a reference for other regions, was measured by (1) measuring the prevalence of CED in villages that have implemented the Qanun Gampong, (2) measuring the prevalence of stunting in children born to CED pregnant women who have applied the Qanun Gampong during pregnancy, (3) measuring changes in newly pregnant women's behaviour for Qanun sustainability, (4) scaling up for other villages to develop and implement the Qanun, and (5) making Tuha Peut a peer educator for other villages.
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Detection study of Some Virulence factors of Respiratory pathogens isolated from Electrical Generators Workers
Journal ID : AMJ-18-09-2022-10555; Author : Ali Essam Ali, Huda Zuheir Majeed,
Abstract : The respiratory tract has sites which are potentially inaccessible to microbes. But, microbes when enter, they caused Respiratory Tract Infections, which in turn become more resistant for treatment due to improper use of antibiotics, in addition they prescribed by unspecialized persons. This led to create microbes which are different from the original microbes by gaining new strategies for infection and persistence, antibiotic resistance, different virulence factors, various phenotypes and adaptive changes to cause host damage and disease. The generators produce harmful exhaust emissions such as; carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, particulate matter and sulfur dioxide. These exhaust emissions are harmful and can not be ignored especially for all the living creatures and surrounding environment. 184 Sputum samples from both workers and non-workers in electric generators who suspected had lower respiratory tract infection were collected. All samples were cultured and identification of bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity tests were done by using a Vitek 2 system. Detection of some virulence factors was done. Out of 184 samples, 27 samples (14.67 %) produced a significant growth, The predominant bacteria was Klebsiella spp. The highest No. of Resistant bacterial isolates of Workers in electrical generators were for: Ampicillin, Cefazolin and Nitrofurantion. There were different levels of antibiotic resistance in both groups, in addition to different virulence factors presence (e.g. capsule, Lipase, protease and ESBLs, Efflux pump and string test). Statically, there were significant difference between both groups at (p<0.05) for biofilm formation.
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Diagnosis of Peripheral Artery Disease by Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated lipocalin (NGAL), Ankle Brachial Index and Lipid Profile
Journal ID : AMJ-18-09-2022-10554; Author : Ali Saleem Hachem, Hassan H. Al-Saeed, Yaser Aamer Alhaibi,
Abstract : Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a progressive disorder characterized by stenosis and/or occlusion of large and medium-sized arteries. Systemic atherosclerosis remains the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in the western world and is the major cause of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), causing obstructions in blood flow in one or more of the major limb arteries. A case-control study was performed on 30 Intermittent and 30 Critical patients and 60 healthy controls during the period from February to May 2022.Focus on the estimation of ankle brachial index and lipid profile. detecting serum concentration of NGAL by using sandwich ELISA. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) between Intermittent & Critical patients groups and control group. The data showed an increase in NGAL levels in patients groups (intermittent& critical) compared with a control group where a significant difference (p<0.001), Observed the highest level in the intermittent PAD group (4.27±1.06 ng /ml), and the lowest value of NGAL was recorded in the control group (0.63±0.08 ng/mL). This study found that the highest value of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) was recorded control group (1.08±0.23) in the was highly significant with different groups. On the other hand, results showed that the highest level of TC, and TG in the critical group (276.65±78.13 mg/dL,225.34±62.96mg/dL, respectively), while the lowest level in the control group (207.39±74.97 mg/dL, 144.07±57.64mg/dL). The present data suggest a role for NGAL in the diagnosis as a biomarker for early detection of and prognostic factor in patients with peripheral arterial disease.
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Insulin Resistance and Residual ß-Cell Function Among Persons with Impaired Fasting Glycaemia
Journal ID : AMJ-17-09-2022-10553; Author : Hasnaa Yagoub Yousif, Salman K. Ajlan,
Abstract : Impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) is a condition, in which a person's fasting blood glucose levels are consistently higher than the normal range, but below the diagnostic cut-off for diabetes mellitus (DM). ß-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR) have a principal role in the pathogenesis of IFG. Patients with IFG are at high risk of progression to diabetes, and developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), The present study was designed, to determine the degree of IR (HOMA-IR) and ß-cell dysfunction (HOMA-B) among patients with IFG, and also to correlate HOMA-IR and HOMA-B with biochemical and anthropometric variables. The study included 143 patients with IFG, 61 males and 82 females, 14 – 70 years of age, and 150 apparently healthy subjects, 62 males and 88 females, 15-70 years age as a control group. Physiological measurements include weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP). Biochemical measurements include fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). In addition, HOMA-IR and HOMA-B were also determined. Insulin level was significantly higher among patients with IFG in comparison to control subjects, (P < 0.000). There were no significant differences in FBG and HbA1c between IFG and control group, (P > 0.05). Concerning HOMA-IR and HOMA-B, patients with IFG showed a significantly higher HOMA-IR and a significantly lower HOMA-B values compared to control subjects, (P = 0.000). LDL-C was significantly higher among patients with IFG in comparison to control subjects, (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in TC, TG and HDL-C between the two groups, (P > 0.05). Correlation analysis in patients with IFG revealed a positive correlation of HOMA-B with insulin, (P < 0.01) and a significant negative correlation with LDL-C, (P < 0.01). While, HOMA-IR showed a significant positive correlation with insulin, (P < 0.01), FBG (P < 0.01) and TG (P < 0.05). We concluded that patients with IFG have significantly higher insulin and HOMA-IR and significantly lower HOMA-B values compared with control subjects. This indicates that these patients are a high risk of progressing to T2D and its complications. In addition, the significantly higher LDL-C among patients with IFG in comparison to control persons may increases the risk of macro-vascular ASCVD.
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