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Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on. Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Interventional Pulmonology Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to. Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Connected Health Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Interventional Pulmonology Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Connected Health

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics
STRESS, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION IN NURSES CARING FOR COVID-19 PATIENTS AND HOW NURSES COPE WITH THEM: A SCOPING REVIEW
Journal ID : AMJ-08-11-2022-10736; Author : Suryani Suryani, Taty Hernawati, Sukma Senjaya, Hendrawati, Iceu Almira, Indra Maulana, Imas Rafiyah,
Abstract : Lack of attention to the psychological problems of nurses caring for Covid 19 patients has the potential to disrupt health services and will have an impact on poor handling of the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this scoping review is to review articles related to how nurses coped with stress, anxiety and depression while caring for COVID-19 patients. 10 from 145 articles that met the inclusion criteria from 5 databases: Google Sholar, Science direct, Pubmed, Willey and Cambridge published from December 2019 to July 2020 were included in this review. From the results and discussion, two general topics were found including stress, anxiety, and depression in nurses caring for COVID-19 patients and how to cope with stress, anxiety, and depression in nurses caring for COVID patients. Hospitals and the government need to meet the various needs of nurses so that service for Covid 19 patients can be of good quality.
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Restrictive Cardiomyopathy-Presentation of Four Cases
Journal ID : AMJ-08-11-2022-10735; Author : C.Sridevi, Digvijay Nalawade, Anish Kumar Khan, Ajit Jadhav, R. Jain, Rajendra Vasant Patil,
Abstract : Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare phenotype among the cardiomyopathies. It is a disorder of myocardial muscles with impaired ventricular Diastolic filling with distinct impaired hemodynamic features, raised ventricular filling pressures. The cause maybe idiopathic or secondary to systemic diseases. In countries like India the main cause for RCM is due to endomyocardial fibrosis rather than idiopathic form of RCM though the evolving pattern is now changing. We conduct a retrospective study in our Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College among 4 patients with diagnosis of Restrictive cardiomyopathy. We analysed their demographic data, clinical manifestations, and radiographic, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and cardiac catheterization studies. On Echocardiography all the cases showed bi-auricular dilatation, and restrictive pattern suggestive of diastolic dysfunction. Doppler tissue imaging (TDI) shows average E/e ratio of 12 among all the 4 patients. Left ventricular systolic function was normal for all the 4 patients. Two patients underwent cardiac Catheterization, finding high RV end diastolic pressure. Cardiac MRI was performed in all the 4 patients. Four of them showed bi-auricular dilatation with preserved left ventricular systolic function & two patient had reduced right ventricular systolic function in CMR. We concluded Symptoms of heart failure such as hepatomegaly, dyspnoea, ascites is typical of Restrictive cardiomyopathy. 2D Echocardiography is the best diagnostic modality for early diagnosis and doppler tissue imaging (TDI) helps to evidence moderate to severe diastolic dysfunction. CMR can also be helpful to find the exact cause of Restrictive cardiomyopathy and obviates the need for histopathological diagnosis and biopsy.
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Correlation Of CRP and Ferritin Levels In The Degree Of Severity Of COVID-19
Journal ID : AMJ-08-11-2022-10732; Author : Ivo Ariandi, Muhammad Ilyas, Sudirman Katu, Syakib Bakri, Faridin HP, Rahmawati Minhajat, Arifin Seweng,
Abstract : New biomarkers are needed to identify Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who experience deterioration and have the potential to die. Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) occur in the early phase of infection when the SARS-CoV-2 virus binds to the ACE2 receptor and infects bronchial epithelial cells. Then, in the hyperinflammatory phase of COVID-19, there was an increase in serum ferritin, where the levels were higher in severe cases of COVID-19. It is recommended that serum CRP and ferritin be tested since they can be used as screening to evaluate the degree of severity and predict the prognosis of COVID-19 in the hospital. This observational study with a cross sectional approach used medical record data at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. The sample size was 639 people, with 2 subjects excluded due to extreme high levels of CRP and ferritin, thus the number of subjects being 637 people. A significant positive correlation was found between CRP and ferritin levels at all degrees of severity of COVID-19 (p<0.001), where the higher the CRP level, the higher the ferritin level. Based on the value of the correlation coefficient (R), the strongest correlation between CRP and ferritin levels was found in severe cases (R=0.587) and the weakest in very severe cases (R=0.444). CRP levels were positively correlated with ferritin levels at all degrees of severity of COVID-19; the higher the CRP level, the higher the ferritin level.
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Prevalence and Angiographic characteristics of Coronary Artery Ectasia at a tertiary care center
Journal ID : AMJ-08-11-2022-10731; Author : S.K. Malani, Digvijay Nalawade, Anish Kumar Khan,
Abstract : Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined as a dilation of a coronary artery segment with at least 1.5 times the diameter of the adjacent normal segments. The Classification is usually based on shape and extent of involvement of the coronary arteries: an arterial aneurysm is usually reserved for focal dilatation, whereas the term ectasia is used to describe an elongated and extended widening of a tubular structure. Most patients with CAE have atherosclerotic heart disease (ASHD) concomitantly. We had done a retrospective analysis of our Cath lab database aimed at identifying the prevalence of CAE.CAE was diagnosed in 71 out of 3660 coronary angiogram reports analysed (1.93% of total angiograms). Based on index coronary angiography, 17 patients (23.94%) were classified as isolated CAE, and 54 patients (76.05%) were classified as mixed CAE and ASHD. Hypertension was the predominant risk factor present among (64.7%) patients in isolated CAE group and among (68.5%) patients in mixed CAE group. Chronic stable angina patients with TMT positivity (35 patients (49.29%). STEMI presentation was seen in 7 patients in 2(CAE& AHSD) and none in group 1(Isolated CAE). Similarly, ACS-NSTEMI was also more prevalent in the mixed CAE group, 8 patients in mixed group in comparison to 1 patient in isolated CAE group (P value= 0.00001). The majority of cases possessed a mixed CAE and ASHD, while isolated CAE was low. The most common coronary artery involved was the RCA, and diffuse morphology and type-IV ectasia was more frequent.
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Preschool Children Accuracy in Eye-Tracker Controlled Computer-Based Preferential Looking Test
Journal ID : AMJ-08-11-2022-10730; Author : Natalia Christina Angsana, Krisna Dwi Purnomo Jati, Dhimas Hari Sakti, Indra Tri Mahayana,
Abstract : Birth to the age of 3-5 y.o. is the critical period of visual acuity development in children. Preferential looking is an early eye examination to detect visual impairment in children and has been known as an objective test for children below 5 y.o. The purpose of this study was to examine the children’s accuracy in answering the computer-based preferential looking test. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional method. The subjects used were children aged 3-5 y.o. who were taken by convenience sampling technique in four urban kindergartens in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The visual acuity measurement technique used was a preferential looking with hemispatial Gabor patch written in Python application. The eye tracker was used as a control. The analytical method used was the one-way ANOVA method to see the significance of differences in overall eye accuracy. Mean Lea’s Chart visual acuity (LogMAR) of the eye tracked group: 0.21 ± 0.14 and the no eye tracked group: 0.28 ± 0.13. The accuracy of the eye tracked group (n=38 eyes) for the 3, 4, and 5 y.o. groups were: 81.14 ± 14.75, 75.98 ± 13.13, 81.00 ± 10.71, respectively (p= 0.459). Comparison between the eye tracked group and the no eye tracked group, the accuracy (n=38 eyes) of eye tracked group: 78.90 ± 12.11 and no eye tracked group (n=38 eyes): 86.21 ± 3,83 (p= 0.001). The children’s accuracy when performing the preferential looking test was remarkable considering their early age. Therefore, this method is applicable to a basic examination to get objective visual acuity in preschool children.
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The Pattern of COVID-19 Spread in Asia After Thirty-Three Months: A Cross-sectional Study
Journal ID : AMJ-07-11-2022-10729; Author : Ahmad A. Alrasheedi,
Abstract : COVID-19 statistics are dynamic. The purpose of this study was to use COVID-19 data to examine the spread of COVID-19 in the continent of Asia by the end of September 2022 and compare it to the global spread. Online data on COVID-19 statistics were extracted from the "Worldometer" website. As of October 1, 2022, Asia has recorded 189,808,651 confirmed cases of COVID-19 (30.5% of cases worldwide) and 257,630 deaths (22.6%). Among the six continents, Asia was least affected after Africa based on the number of deaths per million. COVID-19 statistics have not been consistent across the continent; West Asia was most affected based on cases per million and deaths per million. At the same time, the largest number of tests per population was performed in West Asia. In contrast, East Asia had the lowest number of deaths per million, the lowest tests per population, and the lowest case-fatality rate. The mean of case-fatality rates across Asia is 1.4%. Furthermore, COVID-19 statistics change over time; for example, cases and deaths rose dramatically in 2021 in some countries, such as Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. COVID-19 statistics vary significantly, and over time, between countries and across the continent, suggesting considerable uncertainty over these statistics. The most important reason for this variability is the difference between countries in terms of the definition of suspected cases, testing strategies, reporting methods, and the capacity to perform testing. Looking forward, it is important to work to reduce such differences across countries to have fair management of any coming epidemic.
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Determination of some Physiological Parameters in Smokers with Polycythemia in Karbala Province
Journal ID : AMJ-07-11-2022-10728; Author : Zahraa Chasib Hameed, Maryam Hadi Jabbar, Aqeel Hayder Atalla,
Abstract : Cigarette smoking remains one of the major risk factors for rising mortality and morbidity worldwide. It has direct and indirect effect; among the many adverse health effects, smoking can lead to secondary polycythemia, which is common. This research including the study of total bilirubin levels, Sodium, Potassium and some of clotting factors in smoker's polycythemia in the province of Karbala. To achieve this aim (200) samples were arranged in two groups, (100) samples were patients (males) with smoker's polycythemia attending Imam Hussein medical city, and (100) sample healthy males as control. The results appear significantly increase in levels of serum bilirubin in smoker's polycythemia, while the results appear non- significantly changes in Potassium levels, the results show non- significantly increase in levels of serum sodium compared with the results of healthy males (control group). The results appear significantly increase in clotting time (Prothrombin time) and activated partial thromboplastin time values compared with control (healthy males).
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Role of Administering Methotrexate and All Trans Retinoid Acid Toward Telomerase Activity Degression and Apoptosis Index Escalation on Cell Culture of Choriocarcinoma Cell Line Bewo (Atcc®Ccl-98tm)
Journal ID : AMJ-07-11-2022-10727; Author : Tatit Nurseta, I Wayan Agung Indrawan, Kusnarman Keman, Yahya Irwanto, Suaidi, Siti Rafiqah Fajri Harun,
Abstract : Choriocarcinoma is a malignant gestational tropoblastic disease derived from an imbalance between apoptotic activity and cytotrophoblast cell proliferation. The ability of apoptosis and cell proliferation is either associated with telomerase activity. This study aimed to evaluate therapeutic effect from combination Methotrexate and All Trans Retinoid Acid. This research method was experimental with post test-control group design approach. This study used cell culture of choriocarcinoma cell line BeWo (ATCC® CCL-98TM) given exposure to MTX 50 mg, ATRA 400 ɥg/ml, and a combination of both. The measurement of telomerase activity was performed using TeloTAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISAPLUS Kit, while the apoptotic index was performed with Cellular DNA Fragmentation Kit. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test and Least Significance Different 5 percent test (LSD) with correlation level determined by Pearson test. The results showed a significant decrease in telomerase activity between the groups given exposure and control (p = 0.000 <α). Conversely, there was a significant increase in apoptotic index between the group given exposure and control (p = 0.000 <α). The relation between decreased telomerase activity and increased apoptotic index was significant (p = 0,000 <α) with a correlation coefficient of -0.667 indicating that the relationships were still strong. The administration of MTX and ATRA is related to decreased telomerase activity and increased apoptotic index of choriocarcinoma disease. Administering combination of MTX+ ATRA seems to have the potential to provide maximum therapeutic effect on choriocarcinoma.
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Assesment and Comparison of Inpatient Antibiotic Use on Orthopedic Patients Using ATC/DDD Methodology: A Literature Review
Journal ID : AMJ-07-11-2022-10725; Author : Mareta Rindang Andarsari, Almira Alodia, Erika Astanti, Vina Veldi, Toetik Aryani, Pharmasinta Putri Hapsari, Erreza Rahadiansyah,
Abstract : This study was to assess and compare antibiotic consumption on orthopedic patients by Defined Daily Dose (DDD). ATC/DDD system is a method of counting the amounts of drugs recommended by WHO and Ministry of Health which useful for monitoring and comparing antibiotic use among departments, within hospital, as well as between countries or regions. A literature review was conducted by searching articles through PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar database up to November 2020 using several keywords. After thousand articles were identified, sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria. The value of DDD on orthopedic unit were various from 22.30 to 212.7 DDD/100 patient-days. The most widely used antibiotic for prophylaxis was Cefazolin, with the value of 984.76 DDD/100 operations. Whereas cephalosporin were found to be the most antibiotic used for therapeutic, with the value of 45,5-52,5 DDD/100 patient-days. The antimicrobial stewardship program showed a decrease in the use of antibiotics, but it is not the only parameter to assess the wise use of antibiotics. In Conclusions, the antibiotic use was found very high on orthopedic patients, especially as prophylaxis antibiotic. The quality of antibiotic use may be improved through better compliance with guideline and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship program.
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Development and Validation of The Quantification Method for Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxy Mitragynine in Kratom Plant using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array
Journal ID : AMJ-07-11-2022-10724; Author : Tanti, Yahdiana Harahap, Tesia Aisyah Rahmania, Reynatha C.A Pangsibidang, Okta Nursanti, Syahrul Tuba, Carolina Tonggo Marisi Tambunan, Christien Andriyani, Maimunah, Puteri Heryani, Widianti Ningtias, Martin Luther,
Abstract : Mitragyna speciosa or Kratom is a typical plant from West Kalimantan, Indonesia, and also is a plant endemic to Southeast Asia. Kratom contains thirty-seven alkaloid compounds. The major alkaloid compounds are mitragynine and 7-hydroxy mitragynine. Both have potent opioid effects due to their affinity for μ, K, and δ-opioid receptors. Mitragynine has a substantial opioid impact to create an analgesic effect, more potent than morphine and having a hypnotic effect at large dose. This plant has the potential to be abused. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) classifies kratom as a New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in the plant-based group. An HPLC-Photodiode Array method was developed, optimized, and validated to quantify mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in kratom raw materials and finished products. Analysis mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine performed using C18 Acquity® Bridged Ethylene Hybrid (BEH) column (1.7 μm, 100 mm x 2.1 mm); mobile phase combination were water, methanol, acetonitrile, and ammonium bicarbonate buffer 5mM in water pH 9.5; flow rate 0.3 mL/minute; a photodiode array detector at a wavelength of 225 nm and 219,9 nm for mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. The present study has fulfilled the UNODC validation parameter requirements. The method provides sensitive and selective analysis using HPLC-PDA with a calibration range for mitragynine was 0.1–5.0 μg/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9997%. And for 7-hydroxy mitragynine was 0.25–1.0 μg/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9999%. The method detection limits for mitragynine and 7-hydroxy mitragynine were 0.0021 and 0.0234 μg/mL, and also LoQ 0.0662 and 0.1665 μg/mL, respectively for mitragynine and 7-hydroxy mitragynine.
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