Abstract : This study aimed to determine the features of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and comparing the diagnostic efficacy of cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying changes of TMJs. This case-control study was performed on 40 RA patients with ten healthy adults (control cases). CBCT and MRI examination were done for participants. Independent and paired t-tests and correlation coefficient tests were used for data analysis by SPSS program. The frequency of TMJ involvement using CBCT and MRI techniques were 82.5% and 87.5% in RA patients and were 50% and 30% in control cases. The commonest change in CBCT of RA patients was condylar head erosion (67.5%), and the less common change was articular eminence erosion (7.5%). The commonest changes in MRI of RA patients were an osseous change of condylar head (80%), and the minor change was effusion (10%), while in controls were an osseous change of condylar head (30%) and condylar head flattening (10%). Osseous changes occur in TMJs of RA patients with mild to moderate symptoms, MRI can be used as an efficient imaging modality for detecting changes in TMJ.