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Volume - 63 , Issue 04
05 Apr 2023

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on. Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Interventional Pulmonology Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to. Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Connected Health Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Interventional Pulmonology Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Connected Health

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics
Reference Interval of Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Equivalent In Healthy-Term Babies Seven Days After Birth
Journal ID : AMJ-24-03-2023-11376; Author : Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo, Budi Septiawan,
Abstract : Globally, the prevalence of anemia was highest among children under five years, at 39.7%. The main factor is iron deficiency (ID). However, the particular iron status parameter for early detection of ID in babies has yet to be determined. To establish reference intervals for reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) in healthy term babies seven days after birth. A cross-sectional study of Ret-He in healthy-term babies seven days after delivery was conducted from April to December 2018 at Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital. Two hundred seventy-seven healthy-term babies met the inclusion criteria. There were 145 (52.35%) male babies and 132 (47.65%) female babies. The reference interval for Ret-He at P2.5-P97.5, P3-P97, and mean ±2SD was 29.06 to 40.11pg, 29.24 to 39.97 pg, 29,46 to 38.01 pg, respectively. In addition, the reference interval for male babies Ret-He at P2.5-P97.5, P3-P97, and mean ±2SD was 28.17 to 41.44 pg, 28.54 to 41.25 pg, and 29.28 to 41.24 pg, respectively. The reference interval for female babies Ret-He at P2.5-P97.5, P3-P97, and mean ±2SD was 29.73 to 39.80, 30.00 to 39.60, 29.71 to 0.43 pg, respectively. Conclusion: The reference interval for Ret-He in healthy-term babies one week after birth can be used as a benchmark.
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SELECTED SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIs) DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC - CHALLENGES AND MANAGEMENT: LITERATURE REVIEW
Journal ID : AMJ-21-03-2023-11370; Author : R. Gardeva, J. Marinova, G. Chamova, B. Parashkevova, R. Argirova,
Abstract : The COVID-19 pandemic had a dramatic effect on health, economic growth, employment, and way of life worldwide. To measure the effect of the coronavirus oandemic on STIs in public healthcare, multiple studies have been carried out concerning key elements, such as: challenges and management. To review literature focused on studies in global and national aspects concerning initiatives in public healthcare to curb the coronavirus pandemic and at the same time have an effect on the levels of sexually transmissive infections. A review of studies has been carried out for the period January 2020 - November 2022 in databases PubMed, and Google Scholar, as well as data from international and national platforms with the following keywords: “COVID-19”, “STI”, “Challenges”,” Management”. The review outlines the conceptual framework of the issue on a global level. The majority of authors take into consideration major points such as management and challenges to them concerning the coronavirus pandemic and STI. Major challenges to the management of the most common STI in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures for curbing it have been presented and discussed. The global COVID-19 pandemic and STIs have their intersection point consisting of significant effects on the prevention, therapy, and monitoring of these diseases. At the same time, there are no sufficient studies on the topic about lower-income countries, аnd high-risk social groups.
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Comparison of Postoperative Pain Between Erector Spinae Plane Block and Parasternal Block in Open Cardiac Surgery
Journal ID : AMJ-21-03-2023-11366; Author : Reza Widianto Sudjud, Muhammad Budi Kurniawan, Hana Nur Ramila,
Abstract : Postoperative pain is a complaint that must be effectively managed. Various analgetic methods are implemented to alleviate open cardiac surgery for postoperative pain, but none of the methods is ideal for managing postoperative pain. Erector spinae plane block is a new technique in open cardiac surgery for postoperative pain. This study aims to determine the difference in post-open cardiac surgery pain measured by using the VAS pain scale in patients with erector spinae plane block and parasternal block. The study was conducted in June-November 2021 in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. This was a single-blind control trial in thirty patients. Patients were divided into two groups, a parasternal block group (group A, n=15) and an erector spinae plane block group (group B, n=15). Postoperative pain was measured by using the VAS pain scale on hours 0-1, 1-6, 6-12, and 12-24. Numerical data were analyzed by using the unpaired T-test and the Mann-Whitney test. Categorical data used the Chi-Square test. ESP blockade has higher effectiveness than a parasternal block in managing pain after open cardiac surgery.
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Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Value, Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC), Lung Compliance And P/F Ratio In Critical Covid-19 Patients With Mechanical Ventilators In ICU
Journal ID : AMJ-21-03-2023-11365; Author : Erwin Pradian, Suwarman, Reza Widianto Sudjud,
Abstract : COVID-19 infection can progress to severe pneumonia, pulmonary edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or multi-organ failure. A severe inflammatory response contributes to the clinical manifestations of patients with COVID-19. Therefore, circulating biomarkers such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Value, Total Lymphocyte Count (Tlc) can represent inflammation which can be a good predictor for the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein (Crp) Value, Total Lymphocyte Count (Tlc), Lung Compliance And P/F Ratio In Critical Covid-19 Patients With Mechanical Ventilators In ICU. This research is a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional design (cross-sectional). The method used in this study is diagnostic analysis by assessing sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Data retrieval was carried out retrospectively which was taken from tracing data documents of COVID-19 patients who were treated in the ICU of RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin. Low levels of lung compliance are known to predict the length of stay in the ICU but cannot predict the mortality rate of critically ill COVID19 patients. There is a significant relationship between the value of C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC), Lung Compliance and P/F Ratio with the prognosis of critically ill Covid-19 patients in the ICU Dr. Hasan Sadikin.
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Study the effect of implementation of connective tissue graft during the orthodontic treatment of crowding in the mandibular anterior teeth
Journal ID : AMJ-20-03-2023-11361; Author : Mai Souliman, Tarek Al-Shwaiki, Tareq Kassem, Rania Haddad,
Abstract : This research aims to study the periodontal parameters after implementing the connective graft by tunnel- technique in patients with crowding in the mandibular anterior region. The randomized controlled clinical study sample consisted of 24 patients (12 patients in the control group and 12 patients in the experimental group), who were distributed into two groups according to the sequence of their admissions. Patients with single numbers were treated by implementing the connective tissue graft before the orthodontic. Patients with double numbers were treated with orthodontics only. The gingival recession and thickness were measured before and at the end of treatment. In addition, Little's irregularity index was measured every month until the end of treatment. The results showed an increase in gingival thickness in the experimental group. Gingival recession did not occur in the control or experimental group. The improvement in crowding was noticed in the experimental group's first and second treatment sessions. The implementation of connective tissue graft by tunnel technique is indicated before the orthodontic treatment in patients with thin gingival biotypes, where it increases the gingival thickness without accelerating the orthodontic movement in cases of crowding in the mandibular anterior region. Moreover, orthodontic treatment does not cause gingival recession.
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A comparative study examining the effect of intravenous injection of two doses of ondansetron on nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and shivering after intrathecal injection of fentanyl in lower limb orthopedic surgeries
Journal ID : AMJ-20-03-2023-11359; Author : Hamid Hajigholam Saryazdi, Seyede Sepideh Hasani, Behzad Nazemroaya,
Abstract : Nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and shivering are among the most common complications induced by the administration of intrathecal opioids after surgery. Considering that the interaction between opioids and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors can play a significant role in causing these complications, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of ondansetron as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist on reducing the incidence of nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and shivering after intrathecal injection of fentanyl in orthopedic surgeries. The present triple-blind, randomized, controlled, clinical trial was conducted on 90 patients that were candidates for lower limb orthopedic surgeries. Thirty minutes after spinal anesthesia, 4 mg of ondansetron, 8 mg of ondansetron, and 4 CC of distilled water (as a placebo) were intravenously administered to the patients in the first, second, and third groups, respectively. During 4 hours after surgery, the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), pruritus, and shivering were recorded. The results of the present study revealed that the incidence of PONV, pruritus, and shivering in the control group with the values of 53.3%, 20%, and 43.3%, respectively was significantly higher than their incidence in the ondansetron-4mg group with the values of 23.3%, 6.7%, and 23.3%, respectively and ondansetron-8mg group with the values of 16.7%, 10%, and 20%, respectively (P-value<0.05). Moreover, the severity and incidence of these complications were not significantly different between the two ondansetron doses (P-value>0.05). According to the results of the present study, the preventive administration of ondansetron can significantly reduce the incidence of PONV, pruritus, and shivering after surgery; however, there was no significant difference in the administration of its various doses.
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The Effect of Red Bean Cookies’ Administration the Blood Calcium and Zinc Levels of Stunting Children Hair
Journal ID : AMJ-19-03-2023-11358; Author : Bernike Doloksaribu, Efendi S. Nainggolan, Rumida, Ginta Siahaan,
Abstract : Stunting is a growth disorder indicator of nutritional deficiency over a long time. Low intake of protein, calcium, and zinc are identified by calcium and zinc in hair. Calcium and zinc minerals have an essential role in growth and development during the first 1000 days of life. One factor that affects stunting is the low intake of bone-forming nutrients such as calcium and zinc consumed, causing the calcium content in the blood to decrease and children's hair growth. Calcium and zinc minerals have an essential role in human growth. This study aims to determine the effect of red bean cookies on blood serum calcium and zinc levels in toddler’s hair (13-36 months) who experienced stunting in the work area of Pantai Labu Community Health Center. This study was a Quasi Experiment with pre- and post- test design. The population were stunted toddlers in 13 - 36 months, divided in two groups, with control and treatment of 26 persons in each group. The administration administration of cookies with and without red beans is provided every day, as many as five pieces (20 gr/piece) weighing 100 gr for 12 weeks. There were differences in the administration of cookies in the control and treatment group by independent t-test method of blood serum calcium with p=0.027. While for biomarkers, hair zinc level was p=0.001. Cookies with the addition of red beans are able to increase blood serum calcium and hair zinc levels in stunted toddlers.
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Assessment of the Standardized School Physical Environment in Sulaymaniyah province/ Rania City
Journal ID : AMJ-17-03-2023-11356; Author : Shakhawan Azad Ahmed,
Abstract : Creating a Healthy School environment requires the involvement and participation of practically everyone in the school-Students administrators, Teachers, School Counsellors, School Nurses, nutrition services worker. In addition, as well as custodial and maintenance staff schools depend on the involvement of families and environmental, public health, public safety, public welfare, and other community agencies (Axelrad, 2006). Quantitative design, descriptive study was conducted in Rania City schools. aim of the study to assess the school’s physical environment and determine schools need regarding physical environment in Sulaymaniyah province/ Rania City. For proper collection of data, purposive random sampling was selected for the study include 30 schools in Rania City. A questionnaire was developed, for the purpose of the study, the first part includes demographic characteristics of schools while the second part include school physical environment which consist of 10 domains; the surrounding environment, school building, school area, school fence, school cleanliness, school garden, the school yard, fire extinguisher, classroom, and water cycle. These domains ruled under 36 items. A panel study of 8 experts where involve of different universities to confirm validity; reliability was confirmed through stability test-retest process with r=0.73. Data were analyzed through application both descriptive and inferential statistics find out level of standardization of physical environment among schools. The study revealed that public schools are less qualified. Basic on the study recommended that specific attention can be made to all schools regarding the physical environment in order to maintain safe and risk-free learning environment and the new discovered model can be used as guide for future work.
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Influenza-associated lower respiratory tract infections disease burden and cost estimates in Indonesia
Journal ID : AMJ-16-03-2023-11353; Author : Soewarta Kosen, Endang Indriasih, Tita Rosita, Vivi Setiawaty, Muhammad Karyana, Herman Kosasih, Iris Rengganis, Cissy Kartasasmita,
Abstract : Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) caused by the influenza virus are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. We sought to generate estimates of the burden and cost of influenza-associated LRTIs in Indonesia in 2017. Data from Indonesian influenza sentinel sites and hospitals not designated as sentinel sites, and published demographic data for Indonesia were used to estimate the incidence of LRTIs attributable to influenza by applying the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methods. The cost of influenza LRTI associated illness, disability, and premature death was used to estimate the macroeconomic burden. Direct health care expenditures for ambulatory services and hospitalization were also calculated. We estimated that in 2017 1,285 episodes of LRTIs were attributable to influenza per 100,000 LRTI episodes (a total of 3,358,418 episodes). Of these, 121,305 (3.6%) were detected from ambulatory healthcare visits and 40,435 (1.2%) were hospitalizations. The case fatality rate was 0.122 per 100 cases, a total of 4,097 deaths. Total medical expenditure (out-patients and hospitalized patients) was estimated as 19,235,240 USD, and the DALYs lost were 223,506 years or 859.79 million USD. The total economic cost due to influenza in Indonesia in 2017 was estimated as 878.99 million USD. This study estimates a considerable burden of disease related to LRTIs due to influenza, associated with a substantial productivity loss and healthcare costs in Indonesia. Our results highlight the significant impact that influenza prevention strategy, such as immunization, could have on current health and economic loss in Indonesia.
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Bacteriological profile of Neonatal sepsis from a tertiary care NICU in Western Uttar Pradesh
Journal ID : AMJ-16-03-2023-11352; Author : Ashutosh Mair, Sanjeev Sahai, Ruchi Kotpal, Ekta Rani,
Abstract : Bloodstream infections (BSIs), particularly in neonates, must be diagnosed and treated with great care. Blood cultures continue to be the gold standard for diagnosis and are one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in BSIs. This study aims to estimate the bacteriological profile in blood culture among neonates in the tertiary care NICU of western Uttar Pradesh. This is a retrospective study, done in tertiary care hospital. All the neonatal blood samples, received during the period of 1st December 2020 to 30th November 2022 are included in the study. All samples were incubated in BacT/Alert system. The positive blood culture was further plated on Blood Agar & MacConkey Agar. The growths were identified according to the standard guidelines and the antibiotic sensitivity was performed by Kirby–Bauer’s disc diffusion method. A total of 637 neonatal blood samples were received during the period of 1st December 2020 to 30th November 2022. Among them, 15.2% of blood cultures were positive by BacT/Alert blood culture system of sepsis in neonates, Out of these total 52.6% patients had a Gram-negative bacterial infection, and 47.4% patients had Gram-positive bacterial infection. Among these 97 blood culture-positive cases, CoNS were isolated in 29.9%, followed by Klebsiella species in 20.6% cases, 18.5% Escherichia coli, 15.5%. Staphylococcus aureus,6.2% Pseudomonas spp., 5.2% Acinetobacter spp, 2.1% Enterococcus spp and 1% Enterobacter & Citrobacter each respectively. Our study shows 15.2 % of positive blood cultures. Klebsiella species and E. coli were found to be more prevalent among gram-negative bacteria. Among gram-positivemost common organisms were CoNS and Staphylococcus aureus. So it is important to include good hygiene practices and standard protocol in paediatrics wards to minimize the chances of bacterial sepsis.
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