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Volume - 62 , Issue 10
31 Dec 2022

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on.

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to.

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-6 in Aspergillus flavus Keratitis after Cryotherapy
Journal ID : AMJ-24-11-2022-10833; Author : Vandaristya Pantristi Ardani, Ismi Zuhria, Reni Prastyani, Dyah Fauziah, Hari Basuki Notobroto,
Abstract : Fungal keratitis remains challenging due to its high incidence and potential complications that can lead to blindness. Early detection and early treatment of fungal keratitis are critical for avoiding vision-threatening complications. Cryotherapy can be a non-invasive and safe alternative therapy modality for fungal keratitis. This study aims to determine the effect of cryotherapy on corneal wound healing in a rat model of Aspergillus flavus keratitis using immunohistochemistry examination of TNF-α and IL-6 expression. Aspergillus flavus has injected intrastromal into the cornea of 35 Rattus norvegicus rats to establish fungal keratitis and then divided into five groups: baseline group, control group, natamycin group, cryotherapy group, and combination therapy group. Therapy was given five days after the fungal injection. Four days after therapy, the animals were euthanized and the eyeball was enucleated for immunohistochemistry examination to determine TNF-α and IL-6 expression. The differences in TNF-α and IL-6 expression were statistically analyzed with a significant level of p <0.05. The result showed that the highest IRS score of TNF-α and IL-6 expression was obtained in the baseline group. There was no significant difference in the intensity of TNF-α expression between the five groups (p-value 0.166). Meanwhile, statistical analysis of IL-6 expression revealed a significant difference in the intensity of IL-6 expression between the five groups (p-value 0.027), indicating cryotherapy can be considered as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of fungal keratitis.
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Centella asiatica Extract as Antibacterial Agent against Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Journal ID : AMJ-24-11-2022-10831; Author : Metta Octora, Lina Permatasari, Nurmi Hasbi, Anggit L. Sunarwidhi, Bayu Tirta Dirja,
Abstract : Pseudomonas aeruginosa often causes severe nosocomial infections that is resistant to several antibiotic classes in hospital setting. Multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection increases morbidity and mortality as well as hospital expenses. The study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of Centella asiatica against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was a laboratory experimental study. C. asiatica was extracted by sonication method. Phytochemical Test was conducted against flavonoid, phenolic acid, alkaloid, tannin, steroid, triterpenoid and saponin. The test groups divided into 5 groups (no treatment, Colistin 10 µg, 1000, 3000 and 5000 ppm of Centella asiatica extract) and each group consisted of 4 replications. The antibacterial activity had been tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The diameter of inhibition zone was measured and calculated by formula. The best results of zone of inhibition of concentration is a 5000 ppm of Centella asiatica extract (means 3.125 mm). The highest inhibition zone of a 5000 ppm of Centella asiatica extract was 5 mm (SD ± 1,65) whereas zone of inhibition of Colistin 10 µg as a potent antibacterial therapy against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 8 mm. The ANOVA Test showed a significance difference between zone of inhibition for each 1000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 5000 ppm and Colistin 10 µg as antibacterial therapy for MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p < 0.05). Centella asiatica has antibacterial activity against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa as indicated by the phenolic acid and tannin compounds. The higher concentration of Centella asiatica extract the higher antibacterial activity against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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APPLICATION-BASED EDUCATION IMPROVES PREGNANT WOMEN'S KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARD THE SELECTION OF DELIVERY
Journal ID : AMJ-24-11-2022-10828; Author : Ni Made Dewianti, Stang, Sukri Palutturi, Masyita Muis, Ni Nyoman Deni Witari, Kadek Widiantari,
Abstract : Childbirth is the process of expelling the products of conception to the outside world. The type of delivery that can be chosen by the mother is the type of normal delivery, delivery with action and surgery. Currently, many pregnant women choose to have an operative delivery (SC) not because of complications but because of fear and anxiety in a normal delivery, shorter CS delivery and aesthetic reasons. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of application-based education on the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women regarding the choice of delivery. A quasi-experimental research method with an intervention and control group. The sample is pregnant women 18-20 weeks of gestation. The analysis used was paired t-test and independent t-test. The results showed that there was an effect of application-based education on the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about the choice of the delivery method with a value of p = 0.000 for knowledge and attitudes. This study concludes that education with applications can increase the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about the choice of delivery method.
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Database examination, Multivariate analysis, and Machine Learning: Mortality Predictions In COVID-19 Patients From Clinical, Demographic and Laboratory Findings
Journal ID : AMJ-23-11-2022-10826; Author : Husnul Khuluq, Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf, Dyah Aryani Perwitasari, Abdul Fadhil,
Abstract : This study aimed to analysis six machine learning algorithms in an multivariate analysis to identify key clinical, demographic and laboratory finding to predict mortality in COVID-19 pandemic. This retrospective study consisted of persons-under-investigation for COVID-19. Dataset taken from public database (kaggle.com), predictive models of mortality were constructed and compared using six supervised machine learning algorithms: KNN, naivebayes, SVM, decision tree, random forest and logistics regression using 10-fold cross-validation and multivariate analysis. The performance of algorithms was assessed using precision, recall, F-measure accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) version 3.8.6 for analysis. Multivariate analysis using Logistic regression were used to predict mortality. A total of 4711 patients were included in the analysis. The top 4 mortality predictors were MAP (p<0,001;OR 17,07), stroke (p<0,001;OR 3,50), Age (p<0,001;OR 3,23), IL6 (p<0,001;OR 2,03), Creatinine (p<0,001;OR 1,81). Logistic regression was the best machine learning algorithms predicted mortality with 0,817 ROC. This study identifies important independent clinical variables that predict COVID-19 infection-related mortality. The prediction method is helpful, easily improved, and easily retrained with new data. This method can be applied right away and may help front-line doctors make clinical decisions in situations where there are limited resources and time.
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Analysis of Preschool Children’s Anxiety in Hospital
Journal ID : AMJ-22-11-2022-10819; Author : Islaeli Islaeli, Faridah Mohd Said, Nur Syazana Umar, Nisha Nambiar,
Abstract : The most extensively studied of these adverse reactions is anxiety, and significant levels of anxiety affect the physiological and psychological health of children. Excessive anxiety also hinders the success of children in engaging with medical care and raises their reluctant actions and unfavorable feelings toward healthcare specialists. The provision of nursing care is one of a nurse's obligations to pediatric patients undergoing hospitalization focusing on atraumatic care, namely therapeutic care by providing interventions to minimize stressors, maximizing the benefits of hospitalization, providing psychological and physiological support to family members, and preparing children before being hospitalized. Nurses must collaborate with the family to develop the best plan of care for a child. Based on these results, the intervention group which received treatment through watching animated videos saw significantly larger reductions in anxiety levels than the control group, which merely received standard care. So based on these changes, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the average pre-post-test level of anxiety between the intervention and the control group.
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The effect of irisin on thyroid function and some immunological factor in Iraqi women practicing sport
Journal ID : AMJ-21-11-2022-10817; Author : Qater Alnada Jassim Mohammed Jawad, Areej Abbas Zabbon, Saif Abdulzahra Hamzah,
Abstract : Irisin is a new myokine generated in mice and humans by proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin, and it may also be released in tiny amounts by adipose tissue and the liver. Irisin acts as an adipokine and myokine hormone that is released after exercise. The present study aimed to know the effect of irisin values on the levels of white blood cells and their subsets, Thyroid hormones (T3&T4) and Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM). About 100 volunteers are Iraqi women aged (18-38) years old, the 100 volunteers are classified into two groups. The first group is the women practicing sports, whose training lasts between 3 months and 1 year or more, which includes 80 volunteers, and the second group is the control group, those who are not playing any type of sport which includes 20 volunteers. The present study showed the level of irisin had a highly significant increase in women practicing sports more than control (p≤0.01) by using the ELISA kit. We found a highly significant increase (P≤0.01) in WBC (white blood cell) in women practicing sports compared to control women. When going for a thyroid function test, the present study found a significant increase (P<0.05) in T3 and T4 but a significant decrease (P<0.05) in TSH in women practicing sports in comparison to control. In immunity levels, the IgG and the IgM were found to have a highly significant increase (P<0.001) in women practicing sports in comparison to control. On the other hand, we found no significant difference (P≥ 0.05) in lymphocyte, eosinophil and basophil in women practicing sports, but in monocyte we found a significant decrease (P<0.05) in neutrophils we found a significant increase (P<0.05) in women practicing sports compared to control.
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Relation of Urinary Phosphate and carotid intimal medial thickness in chronic kidney disease Patients
Journal ID : AMJ-21-11-2022-10816; Author : Nora Khreba, Ghada El Kannishy, Azza Abdel-Baky, Doaa Khedr, Emad Samaan,
Abstract : Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular events including atherosclerosis-related complications. In uremic patients, increased serum phosphate concentration is a significant risk factor for vascular calcification. a cross-sectional study included 90 CKD adult patients, using B-mode ultrasonography, we examined intima-medial thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery of patients and analyzed risk factors for increased IMT. 24 h urinary phosphate excretion (mg/day) and creatinine clearance was calculated. The study cohort included ninety CKD patients. Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) of patients increased significantly with progression of CKD P=0.001. Mean cIMT showed significant positive correlation with duration of hypertension, uric acid, serum phosphorus, PTH& fraction excretion of phosphorus (FeP) (r .365; p .001, r .380; p .000, r .376**p .000, r .422; p .000 & r .268; p .011) respectively. While calcium & CKD-epi negatively correlated significantly with mean cIMT (r -.255; p .015 & r-.421; p.000 respectively). linear regression analysis showed higher FeP was associated with higher PTH levels as well as higher FGF23 levels. negative correlation was seen between measured GFR and FeP (r -0.365, p = 0.000). The cIMT is early marker for atherosclerosis.it was significantly higher in patients with advanced CKD. increased serum phosphorus, PTH& fraction excretion of phosphorus are risk factors for increased CIMT in patients with CKD.
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Qualitative & Quantitative Assessments of Hamelia patens (Aerial Parts) on the Basis of Botanical & Physio-chemical Standards
Journal ID : AMJ-21-11-2022-10815; Author : Mohd Salman, Arvind Kumar, Bhuwanendra Singh, Sourav Ghosh, kuldeep Singh, Harendra Singh,
Abstract : The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed overview of the pharmacology, phytochemistry, and botanical description of Hamelia patens. Hamelia patens Jacq. [Syn. H. erecta Jacq. (Rubiaceae)] is a big evergreen shrub. It was brought to India and planted in gardens as an ornamental plant. It is a perennial bush that may flourish both in the sun and the shade. The extract was made from Hamelia Patens (aerial parts) and through some chemical processing before being put through a physiochemical evaluation, including measuring for foreign organic matter, ash values, extractive values, moisture content, swelling, and foaming index. Similar results indicated that the foaming index was below 100. Comparing total ash to acid insoluble and water-soluble ash, the greatest amount was found to be 3.133. The phytochemical experiment used n-Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water as more polar solvents for Soxhlet extraction. Flavanoids, alkaloids, carbohydrate tannins, steroids, and starch were found during the preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening. Pharmacological research on Hamelia Patens' in vivo nephroprotective efficacy was included (Aerial parts). The result revealed that the drug has potent phytoconstituents such as flavonoids viz: ruitn, quercetin, and other phytochemicals. Future studies should evaluate the safety and efficacy of the medicine through clinical studies, data-driven pharmacological analysis, and the isolation of the active phytoconstituents responsible for its diverse therapeutic action.
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The Association Between CoronaVac Vaccine Doses and the Severity of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) at The Secondary Referral Hospital in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Journal ID : AMJ-20-11-2022-10811; Author : Qodrathun Arifia, Desak Made Dinda Kartika Utari, Melia Fadiansari Suriansyah, Rina Lestari, Metta Octora,
Abstract : COVID-19 outbreak was first identified in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly throughout the world. COVID-19 can cause fatal comorbidities, especially ARDS. This observational analytic study analyse the association between the dose of CoronaVac vaccination and the severity of ARDS in the Province of NTB General Hospital with a cross-sectional method involving confirmed COVID-19 patients aged 18-59 years whose blood were analysed in the isolation ICU at the Province of NTB General Hospital in the period of March 2021 – March 2022. The data was taken from the subjects’ medical records by the consecutive sampling technique and analysed by Spearman test. Total of 51 subject, the male subject was 52.9% and the mean age was 47.64 years. Most subjects had not received vaccination (78,4%), whereas subjects had received the first dose of vaccine (13.7%) and subjects had received the second dose of vaccine (7.8%). More subjects presented with dyspnea (86.3%), cough (80.4%), and fever (60.8%). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the main comorbidities (13.7%). Outcomes in this study included dead (47.1%), self-isolated (35.3%), and recovered (17.6%). The mean value of the PaO2/FiO2 ratio is 127.21. The doses of CoronaVac vaccination has no significant association with the ARDS severity in subjects who unvaccinated (p=0.93), had received the first dose of vaccine (p=0 .47) or had received the second dose of vaccine (p=0.43) in COVID-19 patients treated in the ICU isolation at the Province of NTB General Hospital.
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Analysis of the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on weight loss and co-morbidities
Journal ID : AMJ-19-11-2022-10807; Author : Ahmed Salim Khazaal, Mohamed Ghalib Zakari, Anas Ahmed Saleh,
Abstract : The sleeve gastrectomy was initially developed as the initial step in the gastric bypass procedure, it is now being carried out on its own an increasing amount. As a result, it is essential to report results on the reduction in the number of co-morbidities as well as weight loss. A continuous group of 80 patients diagnosed with morbid obesity were examined. The operative variables, the number of complications, the amount of weight loss, and the requirement for medication to treat co-morbidity at least six months after surgery were the parameters. The median amount of time spent operating a machine has come down to 74 minutes. The typical length of stay in the hospital was three days. The duration of the follow-up, on average, was 9 months. The typical amount of excess weight lost was 45.5 percent of total body weight. The average number of points off of one's BMI was 24.4 percent. Three quarters of the patients were able to reduce the amount of medication they were taking for diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol, or stop taking it altogether. The findings of this study demonstrated that the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a technique that is beneficial in assisting patients in achieving their weight loss goals. The reduction or cessation of medication in seventy-five percent of the patients was clinically significant.
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