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Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on.

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to.

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Obesity Animal Models : Diet Sandard, High Fat and Modification Diet Induced Obesity
Journal ID : AMJ-18-08-2022-10441; Author : Rusdiana Rusdiana, Ahmad Moradi, Siti Syarifah, Sry Suryani Widjaja,
Abstract : Many researches about obesity are to use experimental animal model by providing various diets with various types and compositions to obtain models of obese animal. The aim of the study was to induce animal model obesity, with the standard diet, high fat diet and high fat diet modified. This study used 18 white rats of the Wistar strain, divided three groups, and fed for nine weeks. Before feeding, all rats were measured their body weight, abdominal circumference, and body length. We measured body weight every week, while body length and waist circumference were measured every two weeks. After nine weeks of diet, all rats were subjected to injection of Ketamine and examined for metabolic markers. There was a continuous increase in body weight in the three groups of rats. Still, there was no significant difference in weight gain in the three groups of rats (p>0.05). There was a significant increase in body length and abdominal circumference in the standard and rat groups with a modified high-fat diet (p<0.05), the laboratory examination showed that there were no significant differences in blood glucose and creatinine levels in the three groups but there were significant differences in cholesterol, urea levels in the standard and high-fat diet groups (p<0.05). Giving an excellent standard diet, a high-fat diet, and a modified high-fat diet for nine weeks can result in a continuous increase in body weight by providing significantly different anthropometric examination values on body and abdominal length examinations as well as laboratory results that show differences in neutrophil values, cholesterol, and urea in the three sample groups. It is still necessary to do further research on this obese animal model regarding the content of the diet given and the period of the diet.
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Beliefs and Attitudes among primary School Teachers towards Epilepsy in Children in Kirkuk City
Journal ID : AMJ-17-08-2022-10440; Author : Abbas Lateef Muhe-Aldeen, Dr. Saja H. Mohammed,
Abstract : Epilepsy is considered the second most prevalent central nervous system condition; affecting 65 million people globally. Teachers' epilepsy attitude, knowledge, and beliefs were found to have an instant influence on learning outcomes among epileptic students, development of social skills, also making friends. The aims of this study are to assess beliefs and attitudes among primary school teachers toward epilepsy in children; in addition, to identify the relationship between the teachers’ beliefs & attitudes and their some demographical characteristics such as (age, gender, educational level, and years' experience). A descriptive study has been carried out at primary schools for teachers in Kirkuk city from the period 24th October 2020 to 30th May 2022. A non-probability “Purposive-Convenience sample” had been consisted of (40) primary schools teachers. The instruments of the study consists from four parts; Assessment of the subject’s characteristics that include (8) items; General information of teacher regarding epilepsy: This part consists of (3) items; Specific information of teacher regarding epilepsy: This part consists of (6) items; and Adult Version of the Epilepsy Beliefs and Attitudes Scale (EBAS) was developed to assess teachers' beliefs and attitudes regarding epileptic children which include (42) items. The data are collected through the (self-administered) interview with the study sample. Data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version (22). The descriptive statistical measures (Frequency, Percentage, & Mean), the inferential statistics (Chi-square, t. test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were applied. The majority of the studied group according to age group is between (40-49 years), most of them were female, graduation from teachers preparing institution, most of them were married, and having more than 16 years of experience as a school teacher, and most of them were from urban residency. All of them hadn't any participated previously in a training course about epilepsy. According to the study's findings, the most of primary school teachers hold negative attitudes and beliefs toward epilepsy in children; and there was no significant relationship between teachers' beliefs and attitudes toward children with epilepsy and socio-demographic characteristics were chosen. The study recommends a comparative study should be design in urban and rural areas on beliefs and attitudes of primary school teachers concerning epilepsy in children.
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Assessment of Primary School Teachers' Attitudes Regarding School Violence
Journal ID : AMJ-17-08-2022-10439; Author : Ameer Salah-Aldeen Abdulrazaq, Saja Hashim Mohammed Al-Rubaie,
Abstract : School-based violence is one of the most visible forms of violence against children. School violence is pervasive, affecting a sizable proportion of adolescents and children in every country. It is mainly done by peers, on other hand teachers and other school personnel may also commit it. The aim of present study is to assess the attitudes of primary school teachers toward school violence and find out the relationship between teachers' attitudes with regard to demographic characteristics. A descriptive design was implemented through the current study with to assess the attitudes of primary school teachers toward school violence from September 15, 2020 to May 10, 2022. The researcher created an attitudes that includes (18) items to reach the study objectives. A purposeful, non-probability sample of (80) primary teachers was selected so that the data are representative and accurate. The sample size (80) teachers divided into two groups. The selected teachers were equally distributed to two groups (study and control) (40) participants per group. The results of the study showed that the study and control groups had negative attitudes toward school violence. Demographic characteristic including: Age, marital status, and educational level affected their attitudes toward school violence. Study and control groups had negative attitudes toward school violence due to lack of experiences to deal with this specific critical situation. Demographic characteristic including: Age, marital status, and educational level affected their attitudes toward school violence.
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Effectiveness of 1% Cysteamine, 3% Tranexamic Acid, 4% Niacinamide, and 2% Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Serum in Epidermal Melasma
Journal ID : AMJ-17-08-2022-10438; Author : Anis Irawan Anwar, Siswanto Wahab, Farida Tabri, Asvina Anis Anwar, Ivan Kurniadi, Clinton Fransiskus, Jonathan Kurnia Wijaya, Wong Lip Wih,
Abstract : To evaluate the effectiveness of 1% cysteamine, 3% Tranexamic Acid, 4% Niacinamide and 2% Galactomyces ferment filtrate serum in treating epidermal melasma patients. The design study of this paper is a pretest-posttest clinical trial. The 1% cysteamine, 3% Tranexamic Acid, 4% Niacinamide and 2% Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate serum was applied on both malar area and left overnight. Melasma on the frontal area was left untreated. Five follow-up sessions were performed on a biweekly basis, with parameters for hyperpigmentation measured using Chromameter, Mexameter and mMASI score. Data acquired were processed using paired T-Test, one-way Anova and Wilcoxon in SPSS 27. The study was conducted at Hasanuddin University Hospital and Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar, South Sulawesi Indonesia from April-June 2021. Participants: 27 female patients with epidermal melasma on the malar and frontal region. A total of 27 female patients with epidermal melasma on the malar and frontal regions who met the inclusion criteria underwent a 7-week study between April-June 2021. A statistically significant increase in L* value was found between week-0 (W0) and W7 (p=.000), with improvement from W5 (p=0.005) to W7 being the most significant (p=0.000). Melanin index decreased after treatment but was statistically not significant (p=>0.05), as well as erythema index. There was a 54% decrease in mMASI score on treated areas between W0 and W7 (P=0.000). Approximately 11% of subjects (3/27) experienced pruritus and burning sensation during initial therapy. The combination serum showed promising depigmentation effect on epidermal melasma patients with minimal side-effects.
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Aerobic bacteriological study of chronic suppurative otitis media and their antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital in north Karnataka
Journal ID : AMJ-17-08-2022-10437; Author : Praveen Kumar Doddamani, Ravish Kumar M, Anil Kumar Doddamani, Srikanth,
Abstract : Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a commonly encountered middle ear infection. Empirical use of anti-microbials for treatment of CSOM although effective, but at times, may contribute to development of anti-microbial resistance. The present study was conducted to know the antibiogram of aerobic bacteria isolated from CSOM. This was a cross-sectional, prospective study conducted in North Karnataka region from October 2021 to May 2022. The sample collection, transportation, identification of organisms and antibiogram was done using standard guidelines. Out of 124 samples, microbial growth was observed in 109 cases (65%), while no growth was seen 15 (28%) cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common organism isolated (45.7%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (32.5%). Highest resistance of Staphylococcus aureus was seen with Ampicillin (54.7%), Ciprofloxacin (52.3%) and Erythromycin (52.3%). 100% sensitivity was seen with Teicoplanin, Vancomycin and Linezolid. Highest resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was seen with Ciprofloxacin (62.7%), Levofloxacin (92.3%), Cefpodoxime (49.1%) and Gentamicin (35.5%). No antibiotic was 100% sensitive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Gram-negative organisms causing CSOM showed resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Every hospital is different and so are its infections. Hence, antibiogram studies should be conducted at regular intervals to identify the changing trends in resistance to antibiotics. Based on the local antibiogram studies, all hospitals should have antibiotic policy which should be periodically updated so as to prevent indiscriminate use of antibiotics, complications of CSOM and emergence of multi drug resistant organisms.
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Knowledge and awareness regarding partograph among staff nurses – A cross sectional study
Journal ID : AMJ-17-08-2022-10436; Author : Dr.Leena Madhura,
Abstract : The act of giving birth to a child is called labour. After the anticipated period of doubt, worry, and anxiety, it is the most delightful time in a woman's life. Therefore, ongoing surveillance is crucial. It is crucial for doctors and nurses to comprehend and interpret partograph, which is a pictorial technique of tracking the progress of labour. The goal is to evaluate the partograph knowledge amongst staff nurses. In this descriptive study, 70 staff nurses from SVS Hospital in Mahabubnagar, Telangana, who were chosen using purposive sampling, participated. Utilizing a knowledge questionnaire and expressed practises on a partograph, the data was gathered. With the help of descriptive and inferential statistics, the gathered data was examined. Staff nurses had strong understanding of Partograph in 72% of cases, and average knowledge in 21.0% of cases and 7% with poor knowledge. The investigation came to the conclusion that staff nurses had sufficient knowledge of partograph. Therefore, it is strongly advised to plan in-service education to improve partograph understanding and practise.
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Biofilm formation and CTX-M gene expression in Escherichia coli
Journal ID : AMJ-16-08-2022-10432; Author : Sara H A Mohammed, Hadeel K Musafer, Layla A Said,
Abstract : The majority of common Escherichia coli species is related to humans and cause extra-intestinal infections. There is a link between majority of these infections and bacterial CTX-M. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between biofilm formation and CTX-M gene expression in clinical E. coli isolates. Thirty-five clinical isolates of E. coli were obtained from different clinical samples including urine, blood, wounds, and burns from four hospitals in Baghdad. Antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation tests were carried out. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase-PCR were used to detect and evaluate the expression of the CTX-M gene. The isolates were resistant to cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and carbapenems with values of 94.3, 60, and 14.3%, respectively. There was a significant (p <0.01) relationship between biofilm formation and resistance to multiple antibiotics in the E. coli isolates. The PCR assay revealed that 94.3% of the isolates have the CTX-M gene, but no significant correlation between the biofilm values and the concentrations of the CTX-M gene expression. The findings of this study suggest that these antibiotics can be used in the empirical treatment of E. coli-caused infection-linked biofilm formation, and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern aids in antibiotic selection.
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Evaluation of the literature with a rare case. Can they really be important? Cervical Blue Nevus
Journal ID : AMJ-16-08-2022-10431; Author : Gulchin Babayeva, Yunus Emre Purut, Serap Koch,
Abstract : Blue nevi are a subset of melanocytic proliferations of embryonic neural crest origin containing cells similar to dendritic melanocyte precursors. Cervical Blue Nevi are benign pigmented melanocytic lesions that are rarely detected and usually seen in middle-aged women. It has various shapes such as dentridic, spindle-shaped, oval or polyhedral forms. Blue or blue-black macules or papules are common on the dorsal hands and feet, neck, and trunk [1]. Also, interestingly, in other places where melanocytes do not exist. It can also be found; in oral mucosa, sclera, uterine cervix, vagina, prostate, spermatic cord, pulmonary hilus, conjunctiva, maxillary sinus, mammary lymph nodes [1], [2]. In female genital tracts, it most commonly occurs in the uterine cervix. It is usually detected incidentally on microscopic examinations. Clinically, it can be seen as a blue-black spot on the posterior wall of the cervix. Various authors have described these lesions as <0.5 cm small and solitary blue-black macules on the endocervix. Here, we presented the histopathological features and differential diagnosis of a blue nevus detected in the pathology material after hysterectomy in a 43-year-old patient, on examples from the literature.
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Physiological and histological effects of orlistat drug on thyroid gland of male albino rats
Journal ID : AMJ-16-08-2022-10429; Author : ZAHRA MOUSSA KAMEL, ABBAS ABED SHARHAN Al-OWAIDY,
Abstract : Orlistat is medication used to treat obesity. This research aim investigation how of relationship between orlistat treatment use and thyroid hormone levels. Thyroid hormones of obese of male albino rat have been studied. In addition, little is understand about how losing weight changes thyroid operation. Thus, we researched more about the thyroid hormone status and potential effect of weight loss on thyroid hormones. We study of 32 male albino rat obese with mean age 12 weeks. The animal divide to four groups and all group included Of these 8 animals. The first group is control, second group (120 mg /kg / day), third group (180 mg /kg / day) and forth group (240 mg /kg /day) for 12 weeks of treatment. The results showed had significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) T4 level in Group 3 (8.041± 0.016) and group 4 (1.400±0.972) compared with control 31.600±0.0258 ng /ml. and total T3 level in Group 3 and 4 significantly decrease P ≤ 0.05) 6.233 ± 0.145; 0.340±0.021 compared with control 12.641±0.203) ng /ml, (P ≤ 0.05); while TSH level in Group 3,4 (2.491± 0.485, 5.243±0.673) had significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to those of control without orlistat drug 0.691±0.057 uIU/ml and other groups. Obesity condition may effect thyroid hormone levels. beyond lowering body weight, orlistat may have varied effects on thyroid hormone status.
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ASPECTS OF MICRONUTRIENT ON LEPROSY IMMUNOLOGY RESPONSE
Journal ID : AMJ-15-08-2022-10420; Author : Akbar Pratama, Widyawati Djamaluddin, Anni Adriani, Safruddin Amin, Dirmawati Kadir, Andi Nurhaerani Zainuddin,
Abstract : Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium leprae attacking the skin and nerves leading to deformities of the hands, feet, and face. Every year more than 200,000 new cases of leprosy are reported globally, with Indonesia as one of the largest contributor. Nutritional status, particularly micronutrients, have role in development of the disease and nutritional balance could reduce the risk of contracting disease. It is also known that decreased levels of antioxidants and immune modulating nutrients may contribute to increasing in oxidative stress and complications. Thus, further studies considering the action of antioxidants and immune-modulatory nutrients in M. leprae infected patients should be designed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism and to support dietary supplementation as the treatment of leprosy.
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