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Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on. Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Kongzhi yu Juece/Control and Decision Changjiang Liuyu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing/Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Valley

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to. Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Kongzhi yu Juece/Control and Decision Changjiang Liuyu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing/Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Valley

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics
Accuracy of The Single Beat Method for Assessment of Mitral Valve Stenosis Severity in Atrial Fibrillation
Journal ID : AMJ-28-11-2022-10848; Author : Tengku Winda Ardini, Amiliana Mardiani Soesanto, Rina Ariani, Estu Rudiktyo, Ario Soeryo Kuncoro,
Abstract : In mitral stenosis (MS) patients, determining stenosis severity in atrial fibrillation (AF) is time-consuming by averaging measurement by multiple cardiac cycles. Whether a single beat method can be used to measure the mitral valve area (MVA) and transmitral gradient for stenosis severity assessment in AF is still uncertain. Forty-eight MS patients with AF (mean age 46.8+8.6 years) underwent routine echocardiographic study. The MVA by pressure half time (PHT) and transmitral mean gradient were measured by four methods: the standard approach (averaging multiple beats), single short R-R cycle, single long R-R cycle, and single beat RRp/RRpp = 1. 2D and 3D planimetry MVA were measured at the mitral orifice. The single beat RRp/RRpp = 1 showed no significant difference in MVA PHT measurement compared with standard approach (0.8 (0.3 – 2.7 vs 0.9 + 0.3 cm2) cm2, P = 0.472), whereas there was a significant difference in MVA by PHT when short R-R cycle (1.0 (0.4 – 2.7) cm2, P = 0.0001) and long R-R cycle (0.8 (0.3 – 1.7) cm2, P = 0.013) were selected. There was a significant difference in mean MVG measurement when short R-R cycle (12.1 + 3.9 mmHg, P = 0.001), long R-R cycle (10.1 + 4.0 mmHg, P = 0.007), and single beat RRp/RRpp = 1 (12.2 + 4.4 mmHg, P = 0.0001) were selected. Correlation coefficients for MVA PHT calculated by single beat RRp/RRpp = 1 compared with MVA PHT measured by standard approach are r = 0.87 (P < 0.001). There is weak correlation in measurement MVA between PHT single beat RRp/RRpp = 1 and 3D planimetry (r = 0.316, P = 0.044). In AF, the single beat method RRp/RRpp = 1 for measurement MVA by PHT in MS has a high correlation with the current standard approach by averaging multiple beats. Compared with MVA by 3D planimetry as the reference measurement of MVA, measurement of MVA by PHT standard approach and single beat RRp/RRpp = 1 have a weak correlation in AF patients. MVA by planimetry especially 3D planimetry, is considered as a reference measurement, but MVA by PHT single beat RRp/RRpp =1 can be an alternative, especially when MVA by planimetry is not feasible.
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Biosynthesized Ag-nanoparticles activity against blaCTX, blaTEM entB, htrA of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different clinical sources
Journal ID : AMJ-27-11-2022-10846; Author : Omalbaneen Majid, Neihaya Heikmat Zaki,
Abstract : Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria were isolated from different sources; urine, blood, burns and wound swab, sputum, ear swabs, fluid, pus, endotracheal swabs, CSF and abscess of biopsy as (37, 24, 16, 9, 4, 3, 3, 2, and 1) % respectively. It showed different levels of antibiotic resistance with highest level of resistance against Ampicillin (100 %), also it showed that 53.13% of isolates were positive and 46.87% were negative for producing of β-lactamase. Biosynthesized Ag-NPs has inhibitory action (MIC) against K. pneumoniae with concentration 10 mM and sub- MIC with concentration 5mM. XRD spectrum of silver nanoparticles exhibited at 2ø (32.5°) corresponds to the (101) plane of conventional XRD data of Ag- NPs Crystals, while FTIR analysis was showed that stretch for Ag-NPs discovered around 518.58 cm-1. All isolates (100%) were positive to htrA, entB, blaCTX, and blaTEM before treatment with silver nanoparticles, but genes of htrA, entB, and blaTEM disappeared in the isolate no.1 after treatment with Ag-NPs at concentration (5mM). After gene sequence, the results have shown that before treatment with AgNPs, htrA, entB, blaCTX, and blaTEM genes were identical (100%) with NCBI, while after treatment with AgNPs in concentration (5 and 10) mM these genes were not affected.
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Assessment of Preventive Measures against Covid 19 among Secondary Schools Students in Karbala City, 2022
Journal ID : AMJ-26-11-2022-10845; Author : Kholood Jasim Mohammed Ali, Basheer Akeel Al-Ali, Muntather Kasim Mahmood,
Abstract : A variety of measures have been put in place in Iraq to slow the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is still little information available about students' knowledge and practice during the pandemic of COVID-19. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge, practice, and related factors, among students at secondary schools in Karbala City Iraq, toward COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 December 2021 to 29 March 2022, using a self-administrated structured questionnaire among secondary students in their classes. The relationship between students' general knowledge, practice, and satisfaction with their demographic characteristics was evaluated using an unpaired t-test and a one-way ANOVA test. Total percentage of student's knowledge is (72.94%), a higher percentage (81.3%) believes that the infection can be prevented, and a lower percentage goes about the importance of the vaccine, only (50.8%) believed that the corona vaccine can decrease the severity of the infection, (63.5%) of the participants had effective preventive practices in place to avoid COVID-19 infections, and (36.5%) of the study subjects had unfavorable habits regarding COVID-19 infection. Most students have a higher level of knowledge. The students did, however, have a moderate level of risk perception and satisfaction with the defeating role played by the educational institutions, teaching staff, and local health authorities. Peripheral government school students are better in terms of following and adhering to preventive measures. The knowledge of students in the first stage was significantly lower than those in other stages. Females gender and students with illiterate or read-and-write parents are more use of preventive measures. Females, aged <15, and students in the second and third grades are more satisfied with the preventive measures of their schools. There’s a big gap in the importance of the Corona vaccine.
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Is Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal (SASI) bypass Superior to Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) among Obese Patients in Kirkuk City: A Retrospective Study?
Journal ID : AMJ-26-11-2022-10844; Author : Dler Omer Mohammad,
Abstract : In the past twenty years, bariatric surgery has witnessed a huge demand by obese patients, especially those who suffer from related diseases. The current study aimed to compare the outcomes of a single anastomosis sleeve ileal bypass (SASI) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). In this cohort retrospective study, 80 obese adult patients who underwent bariatric surgery participated, 40 of them for SASI versus 40 others for LGS surgery in a private hospital in Kirkuk governorate, northern Iraq. All participants were followed up after the sixth and twelfth months after the operation. The outcomes were evaluated through of weighing loss, betterment of comorbidities, and complications that were observed after surgery. The results showed that the percentage of excess weight loss at six months after surgery was analogous between both surgeries while bypassing SASI showed a clear elevation of EWL% at twelve months postoperatively when compared with LGS. As for comorbidities, the improvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus and GERD by bypassing SASI was significantly better than that of LGS. As for postoperative complications, it has been proven that there are fewer complications after SASI surgery compared to LGS, but not significant. It was concluded that bypassing the SASI gave better results, especially after twelve months of the operation, and further articles are needful to compare the outcomes of SASI bypass over a longer term.
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Study of Interleukinــ1β gene expression in diarrhea patients infected by Listeria monocytogenes
Journal ID : AMJ-26-11-2022-10843; Author : Ali Kadum Al-Awady,
Abstract : Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacterium that infects individuals after consuming contaminated food and it’s linked to a high mortality rate worldwide. This experiment aimed to determine the gene expression of IL-1β in the small intestine in diarrhea patient exposed to L. monocytogenes. The investigation was carried out using the small intestine of rabbit injected with 1 ml of a 107 CFU/ml of L. monocytogenes, and small intestine of rabbit injected with 1 ml of PBS as a control. Eight hours later of in vivo incubation time, the gene expression level of IL-1β in was determined in the rabbit small intestinal tissue injected by L. monocytogenes using RT-qPCR technique. Result indicated an apparent increase in ILــ1β gene expression level in the rabbit small intestine injected by L. monocytogenes compared to the control. The expression level of ILــ1β was significantly increased with 14.8-fold change in intestinal tissue injected by L. monocytogenes compared to 6.9-fold change in intestinal tissue of the control. This study proposes a strategy for understanding the intestinal tissue immune response to L. monocytogenes invasion.
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Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and arterial hypertension in Iraqi population
Journal ID : AMJ-26-11-2022-10842; Author : Dr. Hijran Kamal salih Aldabbagh,
Abstract : High blood pressure is one of the main chronic diseases that can cause many other diseases of the cardiovascular system and eventually lead to death. The level of vitamin D in the body affects blood pressure indirectly. This study aims to know the type of Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and blood pressure in Iraqi patients. In this study, 220 patients were collected, and they were divided into two groups that, which included (130 patient groups were distributed into 70 males and 60 females) (90 control groups were distributed as follows: 50 male patients and 40 females). Demographic information and data were collected from different hospitals in Iraq, where the hospital's electronic record was relied upon to follow up patients with during the study period from 3-7-2020 to 1-10-2020. In this study, 220 patients were included, and they were distributed into two groups (130 patient groups) (and 90 control groups), and the average age for this study ranged between 22-40 years. Mean sd for vitamin D was 22.2 + 15.5 of male and female patients; the mean sd was 23.4 + 14.4. and found a statistically significant relationship at <0.001*. We found the patients who took vitamin D did not have a significant decrease in blood pressure and an inverse relationship between vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure.
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The Impact of Coronavirus to Terrorist Offenders in Indonesia: Assessments on psychological risk profiles before and during pandemic
Journal ID : AMJ-25-11-2022-10835; Author : Zora A. Sukabdi,
Abstract : City lockdowns during the Coronavirus pandemic were seen by terrorism networks as authorities’ attempt to limit people’s access to places of worship and secularise people, as well as a sign of a forthcoming apocalypse. Several arrestments of terror actors in Indonesia during the pandemic raised the question of whether the physical restrictions ever reduced the criminogenic risks of terrorist network’s members. This study aims to investigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on highly-classified terrorist profiles in Indonesia. The study assesses the psychological criminogenic risks of these terrorist offenders before and during pandemic. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis was used to examine the risk assessment. The findings indicate no significant difference in the total scores of participants’ risks before and during the pandemic. However, the qualitative risk profiles demonstrate the changes in participants’ motivation, ideology, and capability. In terms of motivation, participants’ motives (e.g., economic, justice, social, situation-al/security, power, and actualisation) were slightly reduced during pandemic. For ideology, participants’ risk is significantly reduced throughout the pandemic. The results reveal that participants’ objectives change from going to Syria and executing terror actions to assisting members and families and reaching physical immunity to survive against the pandemic. Moreover, their acceptance to government programs is increased. In terms of capability to conduct terrorism (soft and hard skills for organising terror attacks), the results reveal a significant increase of skills. Their preparing apocalypse (which is believed as indicated by the Coronavirus pandemic) cause the increase of intelligence, language, and military abilities.
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CATHELICIDIN LEVELS AND SEVERITY OF INFECTION
Journal ID : AMJ-25-11-2022-10834; Author : Erwin Chlecia Item, Sudirman Katu, Syakib Bakri, Risna Halim, Agus Sudarso, Dimas Bayu, Arifin Seweng,
Abstract : Sepsis is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. The innate immune response is the first defense mechanism to prevent infection and fight the pathogen invasion. Cathelicidin is a part of the innate immune system that has antiendotoxin and anti infection functions. In recent study, low levels of cathelicidin are associated with the risk of sepsis and increased mortality. This is a cross-sectional study involved 22 sepsis subjects, 15 septic shock subjects, and 37 non-septic infection subjects. Serum cathelicidin levels were measured by the ELISA method (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) with results in ng/mL units of measure. Cathelicidin levels were found to be significantly lower in septic shock than in non septic infections (p=0.030). Cathelicidin levels in septic shock were lower than in sepsis although not statistically significant (p>0.05). Cathelicidin levels in sepsis were lower than in non septic infections but found to be not significant (P>0.05). Analysis of cofounding including age, sex, and comorbidities in this study showed no significant association. Cathelicidin levels are lower in septic shock patients compared to sepsis and non sepsis patients.
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Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-6 in Aspergillus flavus Keratitis after Cryotherapy
Journal ID : AMJ-24-11-2022-10833; Author : Vandaristya Pantristi Ardani, Ismi Zuhria, Reni Prastyani, Dyah Fauziah, Hari Basuki Notobroto,
Abstract : Fungal keratitis remains challenging due to its high incidence and potential complications that can lead to blindness. Early detection and early treatment of fungal keratitis are critical for avoiding vision-threatening complications. Cryotherapy can be a non-invasive and safe alternative therapy modality for fungal keratitis. This study aims to determine the effect of cryotherapy on corneal wound healing in a rat model of Aspergillus flavus keratitis using immunohistochemistry examination of TNF-α and IL-6 expression. Aspergillus flavus has injected intrastromal into the cornea of 35 Rattus norvegicus rats to establish fungal keratitis and then divided into five groups: baseline group, control group, natamycin group, cryotherapy group, and combination therapy group. Therapy was given five days after the fungal injection. Four days after therapy, the animals were euthanized and the eyeball was enucleated for immunohistochemistry examination to determine TNF-α and IL-6 expression. The differences in TNF-α and IL-6 expression were statistically analyzed with a significant level of p <0.05. The result showed that the highest IRS score of TNF-α and IL-6 expression was obtained in the baseline group. There was no significant difference in the intensity of TNF-α expression between the five groups (p-value 0.166). Meanwhile, statistical analysis of IL-6 expression revealed a significant difference in the intensity of IL-6 expression between the five groups (p-value 0.027), indicating cryotherapy can be considered as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of fungal keratitis.
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Centella asiatica Extract as Antibacterial Agent against Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Journal ID : AMJ-24-11-2022-10831; Author : Metta Octora, Lina Permatasari, Nurmi Hasbi, Anggit L. Sunarwidhi, Bayu Tirta Dirja,
Abstract : Pseudomonas aeruginosa often causes severe nosocomial infections that is resistant to several antibiotic classes in hospital setting. Multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection increases morbidity and mortality as well as hospital expenses. The study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of Centella asiatica against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was a laboratory experimental study. C. asiatica was extracted by sonication method. Phytochemical Test was conducted against flavonoid, phenolic acid, alkaloid, tannin, steroid, triterpenoid and saponin. The test groups divided into 5 groups (no treatment, Colistin 10 µg, 1000, 3000 and 5000 ppm of Centella asiatica extract) and each group consisted of 4 replications. The antibacterial activity had been tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The diameter of inhibition zone was measured and calculated by formula. The best results of zone of inhibition of concentration is a 5000 ppm of Centella asiatica extract (means 3.125 mm). The highest inhibition zone of a 5000 ppm of Centella asiatica extract was 5 mm (SD ± 1,65) whereas zone of inhibition of Colistin 10 µg as a potent antibacterial therapy against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 8 mm. The ANOVA Test showed a significance difference between zone of inhibition for each 1000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 5000 ppm and Colistin 10 µg as antibacterial therapy for MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p < 0.05). Centella asiatica has antibacterial activity against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa as indicated by the phenolic acid and tannin compounds. The higher concentration of Centella asiatica extract the higher antibacterial activity against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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