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Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on.

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to.

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

New directions in the treatment of endometriosis
Journal ID : AMJ-10-09-2022-10521; Author : Virivskaia E.V., Bakhtiyarov K.R., Vinokurov A.Yu., Evstratova K.D., Popov D.Yu., Pogonyalova M.Yu.,
Abstract : Endometriosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. According to the preliminary data, this pathology affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Surgical interventions currently used for endometriosis are associated with moderate efficacy and operational risks, and therefore the implementation of patients' reproductive plans should be approached optimally. Hence, the long-term use of medications before and after the surgery for any form of endometriosis is becoming crucial, but still performing poorly in terms of preventing disease relapses. Low efficiency of surgical and conservative treatment may be the result of an incomplete understanding of the disease pathogenesis while developing therapeutic strategies. Numerous factors play a significant role in endometriosis progression: invasion of ectopic endometrial tissue, unbalanced cell proliferation, induction of angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis, as well as oxidative stress induction, hormonal desynchronization, and the influence of tumor-stimulating genes and proteins. Thus, the problem of the therapy efficacy for reducing the risk of endometriosis relapses remains an unresolved and relevant issue. In this regard, the goal of this study is to analyze newly patented methods of endometriosis treatment, reflecting modern research in the field of the pathogenesis of the disease. It has been shown that along with traditional methods of hormone therapy, represented by progestins, combined oral contraceptives, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, aromatase inhibitors, selective modulators of estrogen and progesterone receptors, high treatment efficiency can be provided with drugs that affect cell proliferation, inflammation development, ensuring of the antioxidant status and an adhesion and invasion ability of endometrial cells.
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Analysis of Pepsin, Tripsyn, and Bile Acid in Saliva of Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and Non- Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Journal ID : AMJ-10-09-2022-10520; Author : Ade Asyari, Eti Yerizel, Andani Eka Putra, Firdawati, Refi Amalia Utami,
Abstract : Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the backflow of gastric and or duodenal fluid into the larynx, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi. The prevalence of LPR is difficult to determine due to the limited gold standard and the large variety of LPR symptoms. Damage can occur due to the decrease in pH value and also because of exposure to harmful enzymes in reflux, including pepsin, bile acid, and trypsin. This study is an analytic observational study with a case-control design. The study was conducted in the ORL-HNS Department of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The total sample size was 44 people. We enrolled 22 healthy subjects as the control group and 22 patients suspected of having LPR. LPR patients are more common in women than in men, with 12 women and 10 men. Pepsin levels in saliva in the LPR group were higher than those in the non-LPR group. For pepsin, the LPR group had a mean of 20.11±9.76 ng/mL and a healthy control with mean of 15.77 ±7.65 ng/mL. Trypsin levels in saliva in the LPR were 103.15±47.69 µg/mL, In the healthy group, the mean was 82.99 ±39.62 µg/mL. For Bile acid in the LPR group, in LPR, the mean of pepsin is 25.08±7.67µM, meanwhile in healthy group, the mean was 18.99±8.26 µM. There is statistically significant in the incidence of LPR with the bile acids (p = 0.015) based on ANOVA and Logistic regression test. Our study confirmed that bile acids in saliva play a major role in diagnosing LPR.
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The Cause of SARI in Related to COVID and Influenza: A Comparative study
Journal ID : AMJ-09-09-2022-10519; Author : Ahmed Majid Yousif, Anfal mohammed Khudhair, Iman M. Aufi,
Abstract : The current study aims to determine the main cause of severe respiratory infections (SARI) for Iraqi patients hospitalized in Baghdad hospitals. A total of (249) people who had diagnosis case of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and a high temperature. Nasophrangial swab samples were collected from each participant by specific swabs from Sigma Virocult Company in the UK with viral transport medium according to Bradford and Slavin (1940), and stored frozen at -70°C until used for RNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction to detect human influenza and SARS-CoV-2 among others. All samples were tested in the Central Public Health Laboratory (CPHL) at National Influenza Center (NIC), during the period of study. For total SARI patients in current study, When Out of 249 investigated records of patients, 13 (5.2%; 95% CI: 2.4 – 8.0) found to had a positve influnza A (H3N2) results. Wherase, 65 (26.1%; 95% CI: 20.9 – 31.7) found to had a positve positve PCR result. On the other hand, zero perecent out of 249 investigated templates identifed to have a influnza B positive results. Through the current study, we conclude that most cases of severe respiratory infection in Iraq are cause by COVID-19.
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A Pilot Study of the Efficacy of a Transdiagnostic Single-Session Circus-Based Mindfulness Programme in Rural North Borneo
Journal ID : AMJ-05-09-2022-10512; Author : Nicholas Tze Ping Pang, Mathias Wen Leh Tseu, Gloria Pei Ying Lee, Justina Joseph, Helen Benedict Lasimbang,
Abstract : Child and adolescent mental health is a pertinent issue that would benefit from creative and gamified new approaches. Circus skills and mindfulness methods are transdiagnostic interventions that have additive effects in synergy. This article focuses on the pilot testing and preliminary efficacy analysis of a novel circus-based mindfulness intervention. 50 participants were randomized into intervention and control groups. Intervention groups received a combined circus and mindfulness intervention; control groups only received a mindfulness intervention of comparable duration. Multiple analysis MANOVA was employed to identify differences between intervention and control groups on measures of depression, anxiety, stress, mindfulness, psychological flexibility, and fear of Covid-19. Upon Wilcoxon signed rank tests, there were significant differences for the pre- and post-intervention scores for fear of Covid-19 and psychological flexibility. There was no significant difference in the intervention group for depression, anxiety, stress and mindfulness. Upon multiple analysis MANOVA, there was a significant difference between the scores for fear of Covid-19 between the control and the intervention group. There was no significant difference between the control and intervention group for depression, anxiety, stress, mindfulness and psychological flexibility. In conclusion, it is observed that psychological flexibility and fear of Covid-19 are two construct that have the potential to be influenced by interventions combining circus and mindfulness interventions. Further larger-scale research is essential in replicating these pilot findings.
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HUMS Ohidas Toolkit, the PHC, and HUMS Tanya Pakar: A multi-level, vertically integrated digital health Promotion, Primary Prevention and telemedicine provision programme
Journal ID : AMJ-05-09-2022-10511; Author : Nicholas Tze Ping Pang, Helen Benedict Lasimbang, Wendy Shoesmith, Rafiqul Islam Maruf, Naoki Nakashima, Yokota Fumihiko,
Abstract : Digital health has become an increasingly salient point in today’s ever-changing healthcare landscape. At the same time, the Internet is democratising information related to healthcare, as a quick search about simple healthcare conditions will yield hundreds of thousands of healthcare-related search results. UMS University Hospital (HUMS) was established and is poised to become the first Smart Hospital in the State of Sabah. As part of the overall branding and implementation of HUMS as a smart hospital, an app was conceptualized called OHIDAS (“health” or “wellness” in the local Kadazan language). OHIDAS is a mobile application that will serve two major objectives namely promoting healthy lifestyle practices among the community and advocating for health screening prior to illness to maintain health and well-being in our communities and prevent illness caused through NCDs. There are four stages of OHIDAS; health promotion and primary prevention, telemedicine, capturing of patients’ bioinformatics, and full integration of clinical care with mobile application. OHIDAS has been integrated with the Portable Health Clinic of Kyushu University and a proprietary telemedicine system established by HUMS, which were both developed and expedited in view of the Covid-19 pandemic. In conclusion, OHIDAS will help to reinforce HUMS’s corporate identity through HUMS’s core values of “compassionate” and “empowering”. OHIDAS has the potential to become a highly effective tool for health promotion and primary prevention.
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THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA AGAINST SEPSIS BY INHIBITING NF-KB P65 AND iNOS IN LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED RAT MODEL
Journal ID : AMJ-03-09-2022-10509; Author : Sumiyati Sumiyati, Yan Wisnu Prajoko, Vega Karlowee, Novan Adi Setyawan, Neni Susilaningsih, Nyoman Suci Widyastiti,
Abstract : Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Andrographis paniculata (AGP) was anti-inflammatory by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a family of transcription factors that plays a central role in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. To prove the effect of AGP on NF-κB p65 and iNOS expression in lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in a rat model of sepsis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 30 liver paraffin blocks from 5 groups of male Wistar rats: K1: healthy control; K2: negative control; P1, P2, and P: rats had given AGP doses of 200, 400, and 500 mg/kg BW/day for 14 days. The mean NF-κB p65 and iNOS expression scores in the K1: 3.83±0.408 and 2.83±0.753; K2: 4.00±0.000 and 3.67±0.516; P1: 3.50±0.837 and 3.50±0.837; P2: 3.83±0.408 and 3.83±0.408; P3: 3.83±0.408 and 3.67±0.516. AGP doses of 200, 400, and 500 mg/kg BW/day did not affect NF-κB p65 and iNOS expression in lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in a rat model of sepsis. The NF-κB p65 and iNOS expression had a significant correlation (p<0.05) with a coefficient value of 0.514 (moderate). AGP extract prevents the accumulation of lipids that lead to liver necrosis. NF-κB p65 expression had a significant correlation with iNOS expression (p<0.05).
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Compound Heterozygosity of HB Adana and HB Constant Spring: A Case Report
Journal ID : AMJ-03-09-2022-10508; Author : Nyoman Suci Widyastiti, Ita Margaretha Nainggolan, Tri Ratnaningsih, Usi Sukorini,
Abstract : Alpha thalassemia is a genetic disorder of hemoglobin synthesis deletion or non-deletion mutation of the alpha-globin gene. Non-deletional mutations cause abnormalities in the structure of alpha-globin chain, creating an unstable variant of hemoglobin. Furthermore, hemoglobin Adana (HbAdana) and Constant Spring (HbCS) are common non-deletional alpha-thalassemia in Indonesia. However, compound heterozygosity cases of these types of mutations have rarely been reported. A 12-year-old boy is hospitalized with anemia, and complete blood count showed hemoglobin 9.1 g/dL, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) 87.2 fl, and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) 24.3 pg. On microcapillary hemoglobin electrophoresis examination, HbA 95.7%, HbA2 1.5%, and HbC 2.8% were obtained, and they led to the suspicion of HbCS. Furthermore, examination of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) found compound heterozygosity of HbAdana and HbCS. The genetic inheritance of compound heterozygosity Hb Adana and HbCS was discovered as the father was heterozygous for HbCS and the mother was heterozygous for Hb Adana. Generally, non-deletional mutations produce variant hemoglobin that is not clinically significant. However, when the point mutation occurs in essential amino acid residues, it will result in very unstable hemoglobin, which causes more serious clinical symptoms of hemolytic anemia than the deletional mutation. HbAdana and HbCS are variants of alpha thalassemia that are very unstable and can easily prevent hemolysis. Therefore, the compound heterozygosity of the two non-deletional mutations causes recurrent severe anemia. The compound heterozygosity of non-deletional alpha-thalassemia mutation is very rare, and microcapillary hemoglobin electrophoresis with molecular examinations are required for the diagnosis of HbAdana and HbCS.
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A comparative study of the effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2), AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1nCoV-19) and Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines in eliciting Cell mediated immunity in a sample of vaccinated population from Iraq.
Journal ID : AMJ-03-09-2022-10507; Author : Furqan mohammed, Ahmed sahib,
Abstract : In order to tackle COVID-19 pandemic and the emerging variants, researchers around the globe have investigated many vaccine candidates from different manufacturers, however vaccine development is not an easy task but is a top priority to restore normalcy as represented a step to achieve the desired herd immunity threshold. In this study we assessed and compared the level the peripheral mononuclear cells proliferation (PBMC) activity and in vitro INF-gamma release by the S1 spike protein stimulated T cells as they represent cellular immunity triggered from each vaccine against SARS-CoV2 infection in 123 vaccinated supposedly not infected subjects, by using Microculture tetrazolium assay (MTT) proliferation assay and an ELISA technique for the assessment of INF-gamma level in a cell culture supernatant. This study findings indicated that there was significant variety in the elicited levels of cell mediated immunity by dual vaccination at 1month and much more sustained different levels of cellular immunity among the studied previously mentioned vaccines by month8. Interestingly, both the PBMC proliferation percentage and the concentration of the in vitro IFN-y release, which represent the cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2, were remarkably higher in 8 months than in 1month post-2nd dose vaccination groups of the three vaccines studied in this study (P<0.0001). For the PBMC proliferation percentage, AstraZeneca vaccine induced much higher proliferation percentage than Pfizer and Sinopharm (P<0.01) which both showed very close PBMC proliferation (P>0.05). For the concentration of the in vitro lFN-y release, again AstraZeneca induced distinguishing higher levels than Sinopharm and Pfizer groups (P<0.0001); nevertheless, unlike the trend found with the PBMC proliferation, Pfizer group showed significantly higher concentration of the in vitro lFN-y release than Sinopharm group (P<0.05). Moreover, the cellular immune response to all three vaccines studied showed no relationship with age, sex, and comorbidities of the vaccinated population of the study. Taken together, AstrZeneca showed superior effect on inducing robust cellular immunity followed by Pfizer vaccine, while Sinopharm showed minimal cellular immune response induction. And for all vaccines studied, the cellular immunity increased with time over 8 months after vsccination.
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Association between stress and caries experience in primary schoolchildren
Journal ID : AMJ-02-09-2022-10506; Author : Assis. Lecturer. Shahad Jamal,
Abstract : Stress can make you more susceptible to tooth caries through four different processes. According to research, adolescents are more likely to acquire poor body image, disordered eating habits, and high levels of Stress. Students experience stress due to competition and the massive quantity of material they must learn in a short period of time; studying for and taking examinations are the most frequent causes of academic stress. The goals were to examine caries experience in connection to perceived stress in children aged 6 to 12 years. A cross-sectional study will carry out involving a sample from the Pediatric Dentistry department of Al-Farahidi University, Faculty of Dentistry. The questionnaire included demographic information as well as the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Using the WHO's (1997) diagnostic standards for caries for missing, decayed, and filled teeth, dental caries status was examined (DMFT). Dental caries was 49.5% prevalent. The average DMFT was 14.3%. Weak (r=o.37o) (p Read more →
Effect of surface treatment on bond strength of new fiber post system (Rebilda GT) using different luting agents.
Journal ID : AMJ-02-09-2022-10505; Author : Emad F. Alkhalidi, Alaa E. Dawood,
Abstract : The aim of the present study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength of Rebilda bundle fiber posts cemented using different luting cements. Roots of thirty single-rooted mandibular first premolars were used in the present study. The root canals were instrumented using Protaper files and obturated with size X3 guttpercha. A space for the post was created by removing the gutta-percha from the coronal and middle thirds of each root using peeso reamers leaving 5mm apically to maintain apical seal. The roots were randomly divided into three groups (10 each). Ten roots were filled by Rebilda bundle fiber posts cemented according to the manufacturer instructions using Rebilda DC kit. Ten roots were filled by Rebilda bundle fiber posts cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. Ten roots were filled by Rebilda bundle fiber posts cemented with resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (GIC). Each root was cut into three 2mm-thick slices (cervical, middle and apical) and 30 specimens were prepared for each group. The slices were marked and labelled to ensure that the load is applied apico-cervically. Universal testing machine was used to measure the push-out bond strength. The push-out bond strength of the posts at the cervical root slices was significantly higher than the push-out bond strength of the posts at the middle and apical root slices. For the cervical and middle root slices, there were no significant differences between bond strength values of the posts cemented using Rebilda DC kits and the posts cemented using self-adhesive resin cement. The use of resin-modified GIC for posts cementation produced the lowest push-out bond in comparison with the other luting agents. It might be possible to recommend the cementation of bundle fiber posts using self-adhesive resin cements (with-out adhesive bonding agent) or resin-modified GIC.
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