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Volume - 63 , Issue 04
05 Apr 2023

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

(ISSN: 0005-2523)

Azerbaijan medical journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a scopus indexed journal since 1961. The publisher of the journal is Izdatel'stvo Elm by WHO Office in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan medical journal (AMJ) is also UGC approved. The journal publishes general medicine, health science, psychological, pharmaceutical journals and so on. Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Interventional Pulmonology Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

Aim and Scope

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Azerbaijan Medical Journal (ISSN: 0005-2523) - is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to. Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Connected Health Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics Gastroenterology Neurology Nephrology Medical education Orthopaedics Paediatrics Reproduction Cardiology Diabetes Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dental Psychology Anesthesiology Dermatology Endocrinology Hepatology Urology Venereology Psychiatry Biotechnology Pharmacy ENT Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmaceutics Pulmonology Pharmacognosy Pharmaceutical Phatmaceutical Technology Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Industrial Pharmacy Drug Design Quality Assurance Drug Regulatory Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacy Practice Drug Discovery Drug Metabolism Toxicology Clinical Research Pharmacogenomics Phrmacoinformatics Pharmacovigilance< Life Sciences like Chemistry Biomedical Sciences Microbiology Immunology Forensic Epidemiology Oncology Biomedicine Dentistry Physiotherapy Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Neuroscience Ophthalmology Sexology Osteology Kinesiology Angiology/Vascular Medicine Critical care Medicine Haematology Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Bariatrics Pharmacy and Nursing Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Radiobiology Clinical immunology Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Cell Biology Genomics and Proteomics Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Geriatric Medicine Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Interventional Pulmonology Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal Connected Health

Latest Journals

Azerbaijan Medical Journal

Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics
Association between BsmI (rs1544410) and TaqI (rs731236) VDR Gene Polymorphisms with Vitamin D Status in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Journal ID : AMJ-22-08-2022-10464; Author : Sufitni Sufitni, T. Helvi Mardiani, Yunita Sari Pane, Siti Syarifah, Mutiara Indah Sari,
Abstract : Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) arises due to combination of modifiable and non-modifiable. One of the modifiable risk factors is vitamin D concentration, which is associated with the incidence of T2DM and mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The aim of this study is to see the association between BsmI (rs1544410) and TaqI (rs731236) VDR gene polymorphisms with vitamin D status in T2DM patients in the city of Medan, Indonesia. 76 T2DM patients were enrolled in this study. The vitamin D levels are analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genotyping of BsmI (rs1544410) and TaqI (rs731236) VDR gene polymorphisms are done with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. In this study, 72.4% of T2DM patients have insufficient and deficient vitamin D status (35.50% and 36.9% respectively). Fisher's exact analysis of the association between vitamin D status with BsmI (rs1544410) and TaqI (rs731236) VDR gene polymorphisms is at p > 0.05, respectively. This study shows that genotype Bsm1 and genotype Taq1 are not associated with vitamin D status in T2DM patients.
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Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Affects the Pharmacokinetics Profile of Metformin in Rabbits’ Plasma
Journal ID : AMJ-22-08-2022-10463; Author : Asri Dwi Endah Dewi Pramesthi, Agung Endro Nugroho, Endang Lukitaningsih,
Abstract : The drug-herb combination between metformin and bitter gourd needs further study of the benefits and risks. This study aims to explore metformin in plasma samples using the HPLC method and its pharmacokinetic profiles affected by the bitter gourd. This experimental method study with a post-test randomized controlled group design. Healthy albino rabbits were divided into three groups (n=3). They were administered with bitter gourd juice 100% (4 ml/kg BW) and metformin (BM1), bitter gourd juice 50% (4 ml/kg BW), and metformin (BM2), and metformin 26 mg/kg (M). BM1 and BM2 were given bitter gourd juice for 14 days, and then a single dose of metformin was given to all groups on the 15th day before metformin pharmacokinetic parameters were measured. Blood samples were collected from marginal ear vein punctures at 0, 10, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, and 480 minutes. The plasma was analyzed using HPLC methods, and the concentration vs. time was used for a 1-compartmental open model pharmacokinetics analysis. Bitter gourd juice with 100% (4 ml/kg BW) concentration decreased the V/F and CL/F, also increased Ka, T1/2, Cmax, MRT, and AUC0-inf, also significantly increased AUC0-480, and decreased Tmax (p < 0.05). The pharmacokinetic interaction of metformin and Momordica charantia L. is presumably because of the competitive interaction between phytochemical constituents of bitter gourd and metformin on the OCT and MATE transporter.
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The Effectiveness of Education on Farmer Knowledge and Behaviors towards COVID-19 Prevention: A Study in an Agricultural Area
Journal ID : AMJ-22-08-2022-10462; Author : Yarmaliza, Teungku Nih Farisni, Fitriani, Zakiyuddin, Fitrah Reynaldi, Veni Nella Syahputri, Andi Imam Arundhana,
Abstract : Following the healthcare and sanitation protocol has been widely used to prevent COVID-19 transmission. The research objective was to determine the effectiveness of WASH educational collaboration on farmers as an attempt to COVID-19 prevention. This study was an observational pre-experimental pretest-posttest design study without a control group. This research was carried out in March 2021, located in two districts with high COVID-19 positive cases, Johan Pahlawan and Meureubo Districts, West Aceh, Indonesia. A total of 37 farmers were recruited as the study participants. Data were analysed using logistic regression. The study result shows a significant influence between the collaboration of WASH education on farmers to prevent COVID-19. The statistical test was significant at a p-value <0.05. Collaboration on WASH education for farmers is very influential in preventing COVID-19. It is believed that cross-sectoral involvement and roles can be maintained so that COVID 19 prevention behaviours through WASH can continue to be applied. Educative collaboration of WASH impacts the alteration of the behaviour toward farmers who live in the area confirmed to be infected by COVID 19.
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PERFORMANCE OF MULTIPLEX REAL TIME PCR FOR DIAGNOSIS MALARIA IN FOREST ENDEMIC AREAS IN TANAH BUMBU REGENCY SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE INDONESIA
Journal ID : AMJ-22-08-2022-10461; Author : Istiana Istiana, Usman Hadi, Heny Arwati,
Abstract : Malaria incidence has declined in Indonesia for years, but it is still found a foci malaria in forest areas. Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) has been used as a diagnostic tool in remote forest areas because other tests are difficult to carry out due to poor infrastructure. Microscopic examination requires expert personnel to determine the right interpretation. The disadvantage of both methods of diagnosis is that they cannot detect the low density of parasites, causing the diagnosis to be missed. For this reason, it is necessary to examine the molecular diagnosis to determine the right species. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 105 people aged 15-64 years in forest malaria endemic areas who were randomly selected. The diagnosis of malaria is established through rapid diagnostic test, microscopic, real-time PCR examination for identification of genus, and multiplex real time PCR for species identification. The performance of multiplex real time PCR, microscopic and RDT was compared and evaluated each other. From 105 blood samples, RDT identified 38 malaria cases, consist of 9 as Plasmodium falciparum infection, 9 as Plasmodium vivax and 20 as mixed infection. Light microscopy identified 9 as P. falciparum infection, 5 as P. vivax infection and 5 as mixed infection. Multiplex real time PCR detected 7 as P. falciparum infection, 6 as P. malariae infection, and 4 as mixed P. vivax and P. malariae infection. Using microscopy as a reference test, real time PCR showed an overall sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 91,9%. Multiplex real time PCR for species P. falciparum had 77,8% sensitivity and specificity of 91,83%. RDTs sensitivity of 94,7% and specificity of 76,4%. Using multiplex real time PCR as a reference, microscopy had shown better performance than RDT with sensitivity 73,7% and specificity 100% but RDT had low sensitivity with 14,3% (95% CI 11,45 – 26,87) and specificity of 70,5% (95% CI 65,78-79,67). All three tests performed well to diagnose malaria in this area, but multiplex PCR performed better for detecting Plasmodium species, especially species that produce submicroscopic infections or subpaten infections. Multiplex real-time PCR is the most sensitive malaria diagnostic method that can be used in malaria elimination programs. It has better performance in species identification, species detection with low parasitic density and mixed infection.
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Molecular Co- Localization of Human Papilloma Virus 6 / 11 in Combined Resected Tissues from Non-oncologic Palatine and Pharyngeal Tonsillar Hypertrophies
Journal ID : AMJ-22-08-2022-10460; Author : Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali, Ameen Abdul Hasan Al-Alwany, Khalil Ismail A. Mohammed, Wifaq M. Ali, Suha A. AL-Fakhar, Shakir H. Mohammed Al-Alwany, Jinan M. Mousa,
Abstract : More than 450 distinct types of human papilloma virus recognized via recent molecular techniques. The low and high oncogenic risk-HPV genotypes have an association with a variety of benign and malignant tumors in the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal localizations. This study aimed to determine the rate of DNA detection of HPV genotype 6/11 in non-oncologic nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsillar tissues from pediatric patients subjected to adeno-tonsillectomies. A total number of 64 tissue specimens enrolled; 44 non-oncologic nasopharyngeal and palatine hypertrophied tissue specimens from 22 pediatric patients sustained combined adeno-tonsillectomies and compared to 20 nasal trimmed tissues with unremarkable pathological changes (included as apparently healthy control tissues). Recent version of chromogenic in situ hybridization method used for HPV 6/11 DNA detection performed via DNA probes specified for HPV 6/11 low oncogenic - risk genotypes. Among a total 44 tissue specimens obtained from 22 pediatric patients who sustained surgical operations for combined non-oncologic nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsillar hypertrophies, 10 combined nasopharyngeal as well as palatine tonsillar hypertrophied tissues out of 22 combination of such tissues found to contain positive CISH reactions results for HPV 6 / 11 DNA, constituting 45.5% of the total screened tonsillar tissues. No positive– CISH reactions detected in the control tissues. Statistically, a significant difference showed when compared to the control apparently healthy nasal tissues. The significantly detected rates of these low- oncogenic HPV genotypes in both nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsillar hypertrophied tissues are pointing for a one important reservoir tissue site for such infection. In addition, indicating a herald mark for exploring the transmission and pathogenesis dilemma of such an important sexually transmitted infection among, at least, this group of pediatric Iraqi general population.
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Effect ofPhytosterols Fraction of Iraqi CicerarietinumIn Experimentally Induced Hyperlipidemic Mice
Journal ID : AMJ-22-08-2022-10459; Author : Nihal Ramadhan Hwerif, Ahmed Rahmah Abu Raghif,
Abstract : The aim of this study is to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic effect of Phytosterolsfraction of Iraqi Cicerareitinum in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Animals were divided into (4) groups, for each group (n =8). The total duration of the study was (56) days split into two intervals. During the first 28-days interval, mice were administered with HFD, whereas during the second 28-days interval, they were co-administered HFD plusPhytosterols (500mg/kg: p.o.) or the standard drug Atorvastatin(10mg/kg: p.o.). Phytosterolstreatment to HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice caused a high significant decrease in the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C and VLDL-C. Moreover, Phytosterolsresulted in a high significant increase in the levels of HDL-C, whereas it caused remarkable decreases in ALT, AST and ALP enzymatic activities also in total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels among hyperlipidemic mice. Besides that, Phytosterolstreatment showed significant improvement in levels of tissue MDA and GSH in hyperlipidemic mice. Histopathological examination of hyperlipidemic mice group showed marked and diffused cytoplasmic fatty infiltration which was all ameliorated by Phytosterolsadministration. The results revealed that Phytosterols(500mg/kg; p.o) possess potential ameliorating benefits against hyperlipidemia induced by HFD on lipid profile, liver function enzymes, oxidative stress parameters, hepatic and aorta histoarchitecture. Further investigations are recommended to assess the efficacy and to fully dissect the mode of action the observed anti-hyperlipidemic effect of Phytosterols.
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Study the relation between IL-17 rs2275913 gene polymorphism with H. pylori infection in Babylon province
Journal ID : AMJ-20-08-2022-10454; Author : Zahraa Alaa Abd Alhassan Hadi, Nktel Faaz Nassir AL-saad,
Abstract : The current investigation aims to establish a connection between IL17 gene polymorphisms and H. pylori infection. Seventy-eight (78) cases were gathered with H. pylori infection-related clinical symptoms. Urea breath testing and rapid Ab immunoassay, two assays, identified 45 patients with H. pylori infection. As a control group, samples from 45 people were collected who appeared to be in good health. It has been determined that the gold standard method for non-invasive diagnosis is the urea breath test. Additionally, the interleukin 17 gene was found using ELISA, sequencing, and conventional PCR methods. It was discovered that genotype A/A was more closely related to infection, but genotype G/A provided carriers with a lesser susceptibility to infection. This demonstrated the link between H. pylori infection and phenotypes. The risk allele is represented by allele A, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 2.30 (1.25–4.21), whereas the protective allele is represented by allele G, with a CI of 0.43 (odd) (0.24–0.80). The mean concentration of interleukin 17 in the H. pylori infection group was 97.85±39.54 pg/ml, which was higher than the 75.58 ±22.74 pg/ml in the control group. The A/A genotype in the IL-17 gene (rs2275913) showed the highest concentration of IL-17 (114.24 pg/ml) in the serum of these studied groups, while the average serum level of the G/A (78.37 pg/ml) and G/G groups (76.13 pg/ml) was obtained from the comparison between the level of IL-17 and the genotypes of the IL-17 gene.
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Effect of Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2NPs) on liver function in mice infected with Leishmania donovani
Journal ID : AMJ-18-08-2022-10452; Author : Mohammed H. Mohammed, Hadeel A. Majeed, Nadheer J. Mohammed,
Abstract : Visceral leishmaniasis consider a great health problem in Iraq, the traditional antileishmanial therapies are toxic and most are costly. For this reason, new approaches in the treatment of leishmaniasis are requested, zirconia nanoparticles ZrO2NPs, is a nano-sized and hollow colloidal metal oxide, it was recorded as anticancer agent, the approach was to prepare 17.4 μg/ml of ZrO2NPs by pulsed laser ablation. These nanoparticles are described to confirm the shape, size and other physical properties of the crystal using the following techniques: X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), results were indicated diffraction peaks at (28.2°, 31.5°, 38.5°, 50°, and 59.8°) were correspond to the (111, 111, 120,022 and 131), respectively. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) shown confirms the formation of nanostructures with granular size by 50 pulses of laser. The effect of ZrO2NPs on the parasite was tested in vivo by observation the levels of liver enzyme (aspartate aminotransferase AST, alanine aminotransferase ALT and cholesterol CL) in serum of infected mice and dosed with ZrO2NPs (0.1 ml / day) and comparing with control positive group after 7,14 and 21 days of dosed. The results showed that the level of AST in treated mice with ZrO2NPs significantly decreased at second and third week (49.17±0.70, 46.83±0.70 U/L) respectively, compared with the positive group was (61.83±1.33, 84.00 ±2.63U/L), there is significantly decrease at second and third week in level of ALT (50.00±0.58, 45.33 ±0.80) respectively, compared with the positive group (66.33±0.92, 79.67±2.22 U/L), respectively. As well as the results showed a significant increase in the cholesterol level within second and third weeks when mice were dosed with ZrO2NPs (164.83 ±1.70, 170.33 ±1.31 mg/dl) compared with positive group (139.83±1.35, 98.33±4.62 mg/dl).
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Prevalence of Needlestick Injury among Health Care Workers in Baghdad Hospitals
Journal ID : AMJ-18-08-2022-10451; Author : Huda Abdul Jaleel Ahmed, Mustafa Kurji Mansor, Abdullah Adil Ali,
Abstract : Needlestick injuries still pose a high risk to healthcare workers and a global concern for transmission of 20 blood-borne pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B and C viruses. The Centers for Disease Control of the USA estimated that exposure to blood and body fluids with sharp tools and needle stick and sharps injury affects three million health workers annually with an estimated six million national security indicators each year. This study is aimed to estimate the association between the prevalence of needle stick injury among healthcare workers and their demographic data in Baghdad hospitals. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was utilized, (300) health care workers in Baghdad hospitals. The sample selected from three hospitals in Baghdad City who were worked in (Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Al- Yarmook Teaching Hospital and Al- Zafaraniyah General Teaching Hospital), during the period from 25th November 2022 to 20th May 2022. The data was collected through interview technique and use constructed questionnaire format which consists two parts. The data were collected through face to face interview technique and by using questionnaire format. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. (57.3%) of respondents in the sample were nurses. Most of study sample (56%) were females with 1-5 years of experience (58.7 %), the majority of respondents had taken courses on how to needles use and disposal (65%), also found that the majority of workers (60.7%) were exposed to needles and most injuries (39.3%) occurred in the patient’s room / bedside. (25.8%) during the injection and (30.3%) by used single needle and it also found that (31.4%) the design of the sharp tool was safe. Most injuries (31.7%) occurred during the use of the sharp tool and most workers (74.6%) received the hepatitis virus vaccine. The study concluded that a relatively more than a half of Health care workers are exposed to needle sticks, and this is one of the most common causes that lead to the transmission of diseases such as hepatitis. Replace sharp tools with another one more safety when using. Administrative commitment through the implementation of a program to protect workers from transmitted diseases. Activating the committee for the prevention of acupuncture injuries of needles and sharp tools. Implementing awareness and training programs for their correct use. Implementation of educational program of vaccinations, as well as raising level of reporting of puncture injuries. Safe disposal of hazardous medical waste from the source (i.e. from the place of use of the tool). Provide self-protective measures such as clothing and equipment. Putting and implementing policies on correct method for using needlestick.
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Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Nurses Knowledge towards Nutrition of Oncologic Patients
Journal ID : AMJ-18-08-2022-10449; Author : Waleed Ali Armeh, Hasan ALwan Baiee,
Abstract : Cancer is a serious health issue in Iraq, where it is the second largest causes of death, according to Ministry of Health data from 2016. Cancer is among the primary causes of mortality and morbidity, In 2018, 9.6 million people died, or one per six death. Lung, colorectal, stomach, prostate, and cancer of liver affect males, whereas cervical, colorectal, breast, lung, and thyroid cancer affect women [7]. To assess the Nurses Knowledge toward nutritional instructions need for patients with Cancer at oncology center in AL-Diwaniyah. Governorate. And To Find out the Association Between Certain demographical data and Participation in Training Course with Oncology Nurses' Knowledge. A quasi experimental study design is conducted at Al-Diwaniyah Specialized Oncology Center, from 17th March 2021 to 15th May 2022. For the aim of the study, the researcher created the program and instrument. A non-probability purposive sampling had been consisted of (60) oncologic nurses have been chosen to obtained represent and accurate data. The sample size is (60) nurses, split into two groups, one of which includes of (30) nurses as the study group and the other of which consists of (30) nurses as the control groups. The study groups taking the educational programs that deals with nutrition of oncologic cancer patients, the control group, on the other hand, has not been subjected to the instructional programs. To obtain data from study participant, the researcher built the tools consisted of two parts: First part is the socio-demographic variables and second part the knowledge of the nurses (knowledge related to nutrition of oncologic patients The study instrument's validity was verified by presenting it to (19) experts, and its reliability was assessed using the internal consistency approach. To determine the difference between the study and the control groups, descriptive analysis and analytical inferential analysis were performed. The study's result revealed that there is very significant difference in between study group's (pretest and posttests) in terms of (nurse's knowledge of nutrition of oncologic patient people with cancer), (MEAN ± SD= 2.37±0.451) comparing to the pretest score (MEAN ± SD=1.58±0.402) due to effectiveness of an educational programs. The study finds that an education program focusing on food for oncologic patient cancer patient has a high chance of success of treatment. To establish nutritionist nursing specialty in our country similar to other developed countries to maintain our community health. Establishing one year diploma post graduate nursing studies for academic nurses in our nursing colleges to strengthen the nursing profession in these field. And specialized training sessions for nurses with exams to gain advantage and have an influence on the knowledge of oncology nurses, and oncology nurses must have particular pre-oncology educational courses before participating in the cancer ward.
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