Abstract : Peanut is the most popular edible nut that is easily contaminated by some kinds of fungi that produce a variety of mycotoxins, some of which are carcinogens. Thus, we aimed to investigate the safety of peanuts from pathogenic fungi and their mycotoxin. About 51 (15 fresh and 36 salt-roasted) peanut samples were collected from the markets of Sulaimaniyah, Iraq, and tested for possible fungi and mycotoxins contamination. Fungal contamination was identified by morphological traits molecular assay using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was applied for mycotoxin determination. We isolated 98 fungal strains from the peanut samples in which the three main fungal genera were Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp., and Fusarium spp. Among them, A. niger was the predominant strain (29.59%), followed by A. flavus (26.53%), then A. parasiticus strain (17.34%), F. solani (14.28%), and P. chrysogenum (12.24%) with 360, 497, 430, 650, and 111 bp, respectively using PCR assay. Additionally, Aflatoxins (AFs) were detected in 43 samples (84.31%) with Ocratoxins (OCs) in 39 samples (76.47%) using the ELISA technique. Collected peanut samples exceeded the maximum allowable limit set by the European Union (UN) for the two kinds of mycotoxins. These assays are valuable tools that might be incorporated into the quality control system of the food chain.